Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Schaefer, J.R. Originator: Cameron, C.E. Originator: Nye, C.J. Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Historically active volcanoes of Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data, map Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Report Issue_Identification: MP 133 v. 1.1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000 Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/20181 Description: Abstract: This data lists the historically active volcanoes of Alaska, their location in latitude/longitude decimal degrees, and the year of the last major eruptive event. The 52 volcanoes listed meet at least one of the following criteria since 1700 CE: (1) documented, unquestioned eruption, or (2) a strongly suspected eruption, often an eruption documented in the historical account with very little information (current geologic knowledge must not contradict the eruption account), or (3) persistent (usually on the order of decades, but certainly longer than several months) fumaroles, with temperatures (where measured) within ~10°C of the boiling point, or (4) significant, measured, volcanic-related, non-eruptive deformation, (5) documented earthquake swarm with strongly suspected volcanic cause.For the purposes of this dataset a major eruptive event is considered to be one in which juvenile lava erupt as a lava flow or dome or as an explosive column reaching an altitude of several thousand meters above the vent. This data is represented cartographically in Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 (Schaefer, J.R., Cameron, C.E., and Nye, C.J., 2009) where the volcano locations are displayed on a grayscale digital shaded relief image of Alaska with a background image of colorized bathymetry. Purpose: The purpose of this dataset is to document the location and most recent eruptive events of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska. Supplemental_Information: The decimal degree locations and the names of the volcanoes in this dataset were taken from the AVO website, accessed October 21, 2009. This list of "volcanoes" includes volcanic centers, groupings of several related volcanoes, as well as individual vents. For all instances, the name given here reflects the current shortened name in use by the Alaska Volcano Observatory; descriptives such as "Peak" and "Mount" have been dropped. Some volcanoes and volcanic centers (e.g. "Emmons Lake Volcanic Center") have no formal name assigned by the U.S. Board of Geographic Names. The publication consists of a map and a spreadsheet which contains elplicit location information. This dataset consists of a single layer which is listed and described in detail under its own heading starting "Entity_Type_Label." The layer is titled: >HistoricallyActiveVolcanoes location and the year of the last major eruptive event Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 200910 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 201110 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: In work Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: +167.00 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -146.56 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 65.76 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.71 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ADGGS Theme_Keyword: Active Volcanoes Theme_Keyword: Aleutian Arc Theme_Keyword: Historic Eruption Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: ADGGS Place_Keyword: Alaska, State of Place_Keyword: Aleutian Islands Place_Keyword: Alaska Peninsula Access_Constraints: This report, map, and/or data set are available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below). Use_Constraints: Any hardcopies or published data sets utilizing these data sets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent these data sets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Alaska, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Volcanology Section Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907) 451-5000 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907) 451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our website () for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. Data_Set_Credit: The idea for this data set is based on the publication: "Nye, C.J., 1994, Aleutian Arc Volcanoes:Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public Data File 94-54. Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See process steps. Logical_Consistency_Report: Not applicable Completeness_Report: This data lists the historically active volcanoes of Alaska, their location in latitude/longitude decimal degrees, and the year of the last major eruptive event.The 52 volcanoes listed meet at least one of the following criteria since 1700 CE: (1) documented, unquestioned eruption, or (2) a strongly suspected eruption, often an eruption documented in the historical account with very little information (current geologic knowledge must not contradict the eruption account), or (3) persistent (usually on the order of decades, but certainly longer than several months) fumaroles, with temperatures (where measured) within ~10°C of the boiling point, or (4) significant, measured, volcanic-related, non-eruptive deformation, (5) documented earthquake swarm with strongly suspected volcanic cause. For the purposes of this dataset a major eruptive event is considered to be one in which juvenile lava erupt as a lava flow or dome or as an explosive column reaching an altitude of several thousand meters above the vent Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal positions are reported to as many decimal degrees (at least 2, and up to 5) as the authors feel the location can be confidently known. Longitude and latitudes were compiled from existing published resources and plotted using a GIS to visually verify accuracy. Where published locations of volcanic features appeared inaccurate, new locations were generated by creating a point on USGS digital topographic maps (using the largest scale available, 1:63,000 or 1:250,000) within the GIS. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cameron, C.E., and Alaska Volcano Observatory Staff Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Geologic Database of Information on Volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA) accessed through the Alaska Volcano Observatory website volcano information pages, http://www.avo.alaska.edu/volcano Edition: accessed October 2009 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: searchable web database Online_Linkage: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/volcano Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 201110 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cameron, C.E., 2005 Source_Contribution: All volcano names, locations, and date of last eruptive event, were derived from the Alaska Volcano Observatory on-line database. Process_Step: Process_Description: The volcano names, date of last eruptive event, and latitude/longitude information in this dataset comes from the AVO website, www.avo.alaska.edu, accessed in October of 2009. The volcano information on the AVO website is contained within a database and was compiled almost exclusively by Cheryl Cameron, and reviewed by staff of the Alaska Volcano Observatory.This database contains information on all published reports about Quaternary and younger Alaskan volcanism. The volcano names, locations, and eruptive history information found in the database is compiled by studying all locatable published documents. All of the locations were entered into the database, plotted in a GIS, and visually checked for accuracy. Where all published locations were inaccurate, new locations were generated by plotting a point within the GIS using a USGS digital topographic map. Although the database contains information on all volcanic features in Alaska with activity within the last two million years, the list given in this publication is for “historically active” volcanoes. To be considered "historically active" the 52 volcanoes listed meet at least one of the following criteria since 1700 CE: (1) documented, unquestioned eruption, or (2) a strongly suspected eruption, often an eruption documented in the historical account with very little information (current geologic knowledge must not contradict the eruption account), or (3) persistent (usually on the order of decades, but certainly longer than several months) fumaroles, with temperatures (where measured) within ~10°C of the boiling point, or (4) significant, measured, volcanic-related, non-eruptive deformation, (5) documented earthquake swarm with strongly suspected volcanic cause. To create this list, all references and volcanoes were reviewed to determine whether or not a volcano was eligible. Eruption history information was compiled from all locatable sources, and then reviewed by AVO staff for reliability, consistency, and accuracy. The eruption history information contained in the database was distilled here to the year of the last known major eruption, defined here as an eruption of juvenile tephra to at least several thousand meters above the vent, or an eruption forming a lava flow or dome. Many of these volcanoes have had more recent eruptions that do not meet this criteria (e.g. Fourpeaked had a phreatic explosion in 2006). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Cameron, C.E., 2005 Process_Date: 2009 Process_Step: Process_Description: (1) The label for Cleveland volcano on the map sheet now reads 'Cleveland 2011' instead of 'Cleveland 2009'. (2) The entry '2009' for Cleveland in the field 'Year_Last_Major_Event' in the associated table has been changed to '2011' Process_Date: 2011 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.25722210088 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: HistoricallyActiveVolcanoes Entity_Type_Label: HistoricallyActiveVolcanoes.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Spreadsheet data table with the following attributes: volcano, latitude_wgs84, longitude_wgs84, and year_last_major_event Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Schaefer, J. R., Cameron, C. E., and Nye, C. J., 2009, Historically Active Volcanoes of Alaska, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 Attribute: Attribute_Label: volcano Attribute_Definition: The names of the volcanoes in this dataset were taken from U.S. Geological Survey, 1:250,000-scale topographic maps.The names were modified by dropping terms such as "Mount" or "Peak".The names chosen reflect the common use name used by staff at the Alaska Volcano Observatory. Attribute_Definition_Source: Schaefer, J. R., Cameron, C. E., and Nye, C. J., 2009, Historically Active Volcanoes of Alaska, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The volcano names chosen reflect the common use name used by staff at the Alaska Volcano Observatory. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude_WGS84 Attribute_Definition: Latitude in decimal degrees, WGS84 datum Attribute_Definition_Source: Schaefer, J. R., Cameron, C. E., and Nye, C. J., 2009, Historically Active Volcanoes of Alaska, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 51.7887 Range_Domain_Maximum: 62.00572 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information: Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 0.001 Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation: Accurate to at least 0.001 degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude_WGS84 Attribute_Definition: Longitude in decimal degrees, WGS84 datum Attribute_Definition_Source: Schaefer, J. R., Cameron, C. E., and Nye, C. J., 2009, Historically Active Volcanoes of Alaska, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -182.3965 Range_Domain_Maximum: -144.01935 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information: Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 0.001 Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation: Accurate to at least 0.001 degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Year_Last_Major_Event Attribute_Definition: Year of last major eruptive event. For the purposes of this dataset a major eruptive event is considered to be one in which juvenile lava erupt as a lava flow or dome or as an explosive column reaching an altitude of several thousand meters above the vent. Attribute_Definition_Source: Schaefer, J. R., Cameron, C. E., and Nye, C. J., 2009, Historically Active Volcanoes of Alaska, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1912 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2010 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: year Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: This data lists the historically active volcanoes of Alaska, their location in latitude/longitude decimal degrees, and the year of the last major eruptive event. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Schaefer, J. R., Cameron, C. E., and Nye, C. J., 2009, Historically Active Volcanoes of Alaska, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-451-5020 Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: None available Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 907-451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our web site (http://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. 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Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Fees: contact DGGS by phone for current fees Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: XLS File_Decompression_Technique: No compression applied Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/20181 Fees: Digital files on CD-ROM are available for $10.00 (contact information below). No fees charged for downloaded files. Ordering_Instructions: Order by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). The DGGS web site (http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/) has a list of electronic data available and an order form that can be printed. Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turnaround: Digital downloads: less than 30 minutes for most files. Offline CD/DVD: 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 2011 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 907-451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays. Contact_Instructions: Please contact us through the e-mail address above whenever possible. Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: none Metadata_Use_Constraints: If the user has modified the data in any way they are obligated to describe the types of modifications they have performed in the supporting metadata file. User specifically agrees not to imply that changes they made were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys.