Photogrammetry-derived orthoimagery and elevation data for Barry Arm landslide, Southcentral Alaska, June 27, 2020

Metadata also available as - [Parseable text] - [XML]

Frequently anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title:
Photogrammetry-derived orthoimagery and elevation data for Barry Arm landslide, Southcentral Alaska, June 27, 2020
Abstract:
The State of Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) used Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry from an unmanned aerial system (UAS) to produce a digital surface model (DSM) and orthoimagery of a large landslide in northern Barry Arm, northwest Prince William Sound, Alaska, during near snow-free ground conditions on June 27, 2020. The survey aims to provide snow-free surface elevations and imagery data to assess landslide movement with repeat surveys during snow-free surface conditions. This data release is one of a series of DGGS publications to present elevation data. The photogrammetry and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data were collected on June 26-27, 2020, and processed using Agisoft Metashape. This data collection is being released as a Raw Data File with an open end-user license. All files can be downloaded free of charge from the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys website (http://doi.org/10.14509/30596).
Supplemental_Information:
hydro-enforced digital surface model:    The hydro-enforced digital surface model (DSM) represents surface elevations-for example, heights of vegetation, buildings, bridges, etc.-which have undergone a selective "flattening" process, where elevation values for any hydrologic features, as well as any hydrologic obstacles (bridges, culverts, etc.), are replaced with neighboring pixel values. The hydro-enforced DSM is a single-band, 32-bit float GeoTIFF file, with a ground sample distance of 0.093 meters. The No Data value is set to -3.40282306074e+038	
orthoimagery:    The orthoimagery is a four-band, 8-bit unsigned GeoTIFF file. The orthoimagery has a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.046 m per pixel, and the "No Data" value is set to 256.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Wikstrom Jones, Katreen, Wolken, G.J., Daanen, R.P., and Herbst, A.M., 2021, Photogrammetry-derived orthoimagery and elevation data for Barry Arm landslide, Southcentral Alaska, June 27, 2020: Raw Data File RDF 2021-5, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 6 p.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -148.183669
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -148.125484
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 61.164811
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 61.131948
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 27-Jun-2020
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GeoTIFF
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a raster data set.
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 6
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -147
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0
      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest .00000001
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest .00000001
      Planar coordinates are specified in Meters
      The horizontal datum used is NAD83 (2011).
      The ellipsoid used is GRS 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101000025.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: NAVD88, GEOID12B
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.001
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method:
      Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    hydro-enforced digital surface model
    The hydro-enforced digital surface model (DSM) represents surface elevations-for example, heights of vegetation, buildings, bridges, etc.-which have undergone a selective "flattening" process, where elevation values for any hydrologic features, as well as any hydrologic obstacles (bridges, culverts, etc.), are replaced with neighboring pixel values. The hydro-enforced DSM is a single-band, 32-bit float GeoTIFF file, with a ground sample distance of 0.093 meters. The No Data value is set to -3.40282306074e+038 (Source: DGGS)
    orthoimagery
    The orthoimagery is a four-band, 8-bit unsigned GeoTIFF file. The orthoimagery has a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.046 m per pixel, and the "No Data" value is set to 256. (Source: DGGS)

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    These data products were funded, collected, and processed by DGGS. We thank the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Climate Adaptation Science Center for supplying the WingtraOne UAS, and Alpine Air for their aviation expertise and contribution to these data products.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    Metadata Manager
    3354 College Road
    Fairbanks, AK
    USA

    (907)451-5020 (voice)
    (907)451-5050 (FAX)
    dggspubs@alaska.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
    Contact_Instructions:
    Please view our website (https://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible.

Why was the data set created?

This survey provides snow-free surface elevations and imagery data of a large landslide in northern Barry Arm, northwest Prince William Sound, Alaska for the purpose of assessing landslide movement with repeat surveys during snow-free surface conditions.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 27-Jun-2020 (process 1 of 2)
    Airborne survey - The survey was flown on June 27, 2020. Flight take-off occurred at 12:01 pm from the ridge near the base station and landing occurred at approximately 2:30 pm at the same location. During the survey, the operator returned the UAS three times to the take-off location in order to change batteries. The weather throughout the survey was fair and sky was clear. No abnormalities were observed during the flights. DGGS used a WingtraOne unmanned aircraft system (UAS) platform with a Sony RX1R2 camera with an DSC-RX1RM2 (35mm) lens to collect 42.4-megapixel JPEG photographs (7952 x 5304 pixels per image). The aerial photographic survey was controlled with an onboard intervalometer that linked the camera shutter release with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) event markers. The aerial photogrammetric survey resulted in 70 percent side lap and 70 percent end lap coverage, and 1624 photos with 0.046 m per pixel ground resolution. This survey was flown with an average elevation of 224 m above ground level and a ground speed of approximately 16 m/s. The total area surveyed was approximately 6 km2.
    Date: 2020 (process 2 of 2)
    Photogrammetric dataset processing - Aerial survey Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data (camera coordinates and trajectory data) were processed by DGGS using kinematic (PPK) methods in WingtraHub. Camera coordinates were automatically registered to image filenames to create a camera exterior orientation file for import into the photogrammetric software, Agisoft Metashape Professional. The exterior orientation file provides the X, Y, and Z position for each photograph taken during the survey. Yaw, pitch, and roll information were not recorded during the flight. Aerial stereo-photographs were imported into the commercially available Agisoft Metashape Professional software (Version 1.6.3 build 10732). Photos were processed in Metashape on a Windows PC to align aerial photos, georeference aerial photos using ground control points placed on photo-identifiable markers, edit the sparse point cloud, optimize the bundle block adjustment, construct the dense point cloud and triangulated irregular network geometry, and export the mosaiced natural color (RGB) orthoimagery and digital surface model GeoTIFFs.
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Daanen, R.P., Wolken, G.J., Wikstrom Jones, Katreen, and Herbst, A.M., 2021, High resolution lidar-derived elevation data for Barry Arm landslide, Southcentral Alaska, June 26, 2020: Raw Data File RDF 2021-3, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 9 p
    Daanen, R.P., Wolken, G.J., Wikstrom Jones, Katreen, and Herbst, A.M., 2021, Lidar-derived elevation data for upper Barry Arm, Southcentral Alaska, June 26, 2020: Raw Data File RDF 2021-1, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 9 p
    Stevens, D.S.P., 2019, The Engineering Geology section at DGGS: Information Circular IC 76, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 2 p
    Stevens, D.S.P., Wolken, G.J., Hubbard, T.D., and Hendricks, K.A., 2018, Landslides in Alaska: Information Circular IC 65, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 2 p
    Timm, Kristin, and Wolken, G.J., 2017, Deglacierization and the development of glacier-related hazards: Information Circular IC 63, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 3 p
    Wolken, G.J., Hendricks, K.A., Daanen, R.P., Overbeck, J.R., Stevens, D.S.P., and Masterman, S.S., 2017, Alaska & climate change: Information Circular IC 64, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 2 p

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Not applicable
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    The average camera location error was 0.0054 m in the X direction, 0.0052 m in the Y direction, and 0.0091 m in the Z direction, with a combined XY error of 0.0075 m and resulting total error of 0.0117 m. Horizontal accuracy of the DSM and orthoimagery was assessed by comparing the locations of the same four photo-identifiable markers that were used in the data processing (figure 1). The mean offset (residual) was 0.2804 m in the X direction and 0.8554 m in the Y direction, with a standard deviation of 0.05 m and 0.1827 m, for X and Y directions respectfully, and a mean-absolute error (MAE) of 0.31 m (0.8554 m , Y direction) . A horizontal transformation of -0.2804 m in the X direction and 0.8554 m in the Y direction were applied because horizontal offsets were above the pixel scale (0.046 m GSD). The final error of the adjusted products have a mean offset (residual) in the X direction of 0.0057 m (MAE of 0.04450) and in the Y direction -0.0094 m (MAE of 0. 1261 m).
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Vertical accuracy of the DSM was assessed by comparing the elevation values of 22,693 points in the XY-shifted DSM against a lidar-derived digital terrain model (acquired on June 26, 2020) in Quick Terrain Modeler software. A mean offset of 2.1682 m was measured between the two DSMs. This offset was reduced to -0.2591 by performing a vertical transformation of the photogrammetry-derived DSM. The four photo-identifiable ground control points were used as check points to determine the non-vegetated vertical accuracy (NVA) of the DSM (figure 1. DSM NVA was calculated to have a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.1611 m after vertical transformation (app. 1).
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This data release is complete.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    The DSM and orthoimagery have been visually inspected for data errors such as pits, border artifacts, and shifting. There are a few holes in the data over the fjord due to waves on the water. These holes appear in the orthoimage only; the water surface in the DSM has been hydro-enforced. The tests and processing methods used to ensure data consistency are further described in the accompanying report.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints:
This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below).
Use_Constraints:
Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    Metadata Manager
    3354 College Road
    Fairbanks, AK
    USA

    (907)451-5020 (voice)
    (907)451-5050 (FAX)
    dggspubs@alaska.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
    Contact_Instructions:
    Please view our website (https://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible.
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? RDF 2021-5
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 10-Jun-2021
Metadata author:
Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
Attn: Simone Montayne
Metadata Manager
3354 College Road
Fairbanks, AK
USA

(907)451-5020 (voice)
(907)451-5050 (FAX)
dggspubs@alaska.gov
Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:

Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Thu Jun 10 15:59:11 2021