Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Horen, K.C. Originator: Poisson, A.C. Originator: Siemsen, Z.J. Originator: Donohue, J.M. Originator: Widmer, K.L. Originator: Adams, J.D. Originator: Overbeck, J.R. Publication_Date: 2022 Title: Storm impact survey data for selected Alaska coastal communities in response to Extra-Tropical Cyclone Merbok, September 2022 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: table Series_Information: Series_Name: Raw Data File Issue_Identification: RDF 2022-14 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 10 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/30909 Description: Abstract: Storm impact survey data for selected Alaska coastal communities in response to Extra-Tropical Cyclone Merbok, September 2022, Raw Data File 2022-14, presents Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) high-water mark (HWM) locations and elevations, coastal profile transects, observed erosion evidence, and ground elevation points for the communities of Golovin, Hooper Bay, Newtok, Nome, Shaktoolik, Stebbins, and Teller, Alaska. These data were collected in the wake of Extra-Tropical Storm Merbok between September 19 and September 23, 2022 by Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS), with assistance from the Alaska Division of Mining, Land and Water (DMLW) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The GNSS positional data were collected to assess coastal impacts from the storm. The data are available from the DGGS website: http://doi.org/10.14509/30909. Purpose: The GNSS positional data were collected between September 19 and September 23, 2022 to assess coastal impacts from Extra-Tropical Storm Merbok. Supplemental_Information: >High-water marks: High-water mark locations and elevations; HWM points were collected using methods consistent with USGS (Koenig and others, 2016) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE, 2012) guidance. >Ground and erosion points: Locations and elevations of observed erosion evidence. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20220922 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -161.223255 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -161.177081 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 64.367938 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 64.344518 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Theme_Keyword: Beach Deposits Theme_Keyword: Climate Theme_Keyword: Climate Change Theme_Keyword: Coastal Theme_Keyword: Coastal Erosion Theme_Keyword: Coastal and River Theme_Keyword: DGGS Theme_Keyword: Engineering Theme_Keyword: Engineering Geology Theme_Keyword: Environment Theme_Keyword: Environmental Theme_Keyword: Geologic Theme_Keyword: Geologic Hazards Theme_Keyword: Geological Process Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Geotechnical Theme_Keyword: Inundation Theme_Keyword: Project Report Theme_Keyword: Sea Level Changes Theme_Keyword: Sea Level Rise Theme_Keyword: Storm Deposit Theme_Keyword: Storm Surge Theme_Keyword: Surface Theme_Keyword: Surface Water Theme_Keyword: Surficial Theme_Keyword: Surficial Geology Theme_Keyword: Topography Theme_Keyword: Water Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Place_Keyword: Seward Peninsula Place_Keyword: Southwest Alaska Place_Keyword: Shaktoolik Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Walker, J.D., Geissman, J.W., Bowring, S.A, and Babcock, L.E., comp., 2012, Geologic Time Scale v. 4.0: Geological Society of America Temporal_Keyword: Holocene Access_Constraints: This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below). Use_Constraints: Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our website (https://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. Data_Set_Credit: These data products were funded by the Alaska State Emergency Operations Center at the Alaska Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, the Alaska Division of Mining, Land and Water, or the U.S. Geological Survey. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, the Alaska Division of Mining, Land and Water, or the U.S. Geological Survey. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: DGGS Staff Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Alaska Coastal Profile Tool (ACPT) Series_Information: Series_Name: Digital Data Series Issue_Identification: DDS 7 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/27359 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Buzard, R.M. Originator: Overbeck, J.R. Originator: Chriest, Jonathan Originator: Endres, K.L. Originator: Plumb, E.W. Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Coastal flood impact assessments for Alaska communities Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2021-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 16 p Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/30573 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The report and data have been evaluated by DGGS staff for general readability and logical consistency. The accompanying report provides additional discussion of the data collection, processing, and verification methodology. Logical_Consistency_Report: Base station data was processed using NOAA's OPUS static processing service, which derives GNSS coordinates from the average of three independent, single-baseline solutions, each computed by double-differenced carrier-phase measurements from three nearby National Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS; table 2). OPUS provides the range of the three individual single baselines, known as the peak-to-peak error. These ranges include any errors from the Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) used during processing. OPUS ortho height ranges are estimated to 95 percent confidence, typically resulting in a much larger potential error compared to the peak-to-peak error of the ellipsoid height. For a more accurate ortho height, we used NOAA's Vertical Datum Transformation software for final elevation conversions. This software employs accurate, multi-parameter mathematical equations and location specific grid models to perform vertical transformations and report the total root-mean-square error. Completeness_Report: This data release is complete. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: We quantified the horizontal accuracy of the GNSS position data using the latitudinal and longitudinal peak-to-peak errors provided by OPUS. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: We quantified the vertical accuracy of the GNSS elevation data using the combined error of the ellipsoid height peak-to-peak error provided by OPUS and the vertical uncertainty provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Vertical Datum Transformation software during conversion from ellipsoid height to ortho height. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Field collection - The first team, consisting of one DGGS and one DMLW staff member, was deployed to Nome on September 19, 2022, and traveled to Golovin, Teller, and Shaktoolik. This team was equipped with two Trimble R12 receivers, using one as a base station and the other as a ground rover. The second team, consisting of one DGGS and one USGS staff member, was deployed to Bethel on September 19, 2022, and traveled to Hooper Bay and Stebbins. This team was equipped with one Trimble R10 base station receiver and one Trimble R8s ground rover receiver. The third team, consisting of one DGGS and one DMLW staff member, was deployed to Bethel on September 19, 2022, and traveled to Newtok. This team was equipped with one Trimble R10 base station receiver and one R12 ground rover receiver, using one as a base station and the other as a ground rover. Data in Nome and Teller were collected in horizontal coordinate system NAD83 (2011) Alaska State Plane Zone 8 in U.S. Survey Feet. Data in Shaktoolik, as well as HWM data in Golovin, were collected in horizontal coordinate system NAD83 (2011) Alaska State Plane Zone 7 in U.S. Survey Feet. Golovin HWM data and all data in Nome, Teller, and Shaktoolik were collected in vertical datum NAVD88 (GEOID12B) in U.S. Survey feet. Data in Newtok, Hooper Bay, and Stebbins, as well as coastal profile data in Golovin, were collected in horizontal coordinate system NAD83 (2011) UTM 3 North in meters. Data in Newtok were collected in vertical datum MLLW in meters. Golovin coastal profile data and all data in Hooper Bay and Stebbins were collected in vertical datum NAVD88 (GEOID12B) in meters. Process_Date: 2022 Process_Step: Process_Description: Ground survey - The field team arrived in Shaktoolik on September 22, 2022, and conducted a GNSS survey from approximately 10:30 AM to 2:15 PM AKDT. A GNSS base station was set up over known benchmark SKK 1 with a published solution found at https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/getDatasheet.jsp?PID=BBFD37&ts= 16097131714. This provided RTK corrections to the ground rover. The team photographed and measured 59 HWM points, recording the GNSS position, type of high water feature, height above ground (if applicable), and description of each mark. They also collected 12 ground elevation and erosion points. Process_Date: 20220922 Process_Step: Process_Description: Data processing - Base positions were corrected using Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) solutions, which were used to update the ground rover positions using post-processed kinematic base-line adjustments in Trimble Business Center. Finalized GNSS position data were exported and formatted in accordance with the data dictionary metadata files associated with each of these data products. Process_Date: 2022 Process_Step: Process_Description: Data formatting - All data are delivered in comma delimited (CSV) format with column headers and are accompanied by a data dictionary detailing the header names, definitions, and applicable units. All data include field point identification numbers; UTM zone designations in two-digit number and hemisphere format (e.g., 03N); northing and easting coordinates reported to the ten-thousandth of a meter; heights (where applicable) and elevations reported to the thousandth of a meter; horizontal and vertical precision reported to the ten-thousandth of a meter; the date of collection in two-digit month, two-digit day, and four-digit year format; and long-form notes. HWM and erosion data also include feature codes. Profile data are populated with additional headers to more closely match historical ACPT formatting. These include profile name based on location (community) and profile number (e.g., Golovin_003); unique line identification incorporating location, profile number, and date (four-digit year, two-digit month, and two-digit day) (e.g., Golovin_003_20220920); location identification (community); line number; point number along profile line, beginning with 1, in ascending order from seaward extent to landward extent; vertical datum; collector(s) in first initial and last name format (e.g., Z. Siemsen); and field collection method (all points were collected using differential Global Positioning System and coded as DGPS). All data were processed and delivered in horizontal coordinate system NAD83 (2011) UTM in meters and vertical datum NAVD88 (GEOID12B) in meters; UTM Zone is indicated as an attribute in each data product. Process_Date: 2022 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: point Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 4 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -159 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: .00000001 Ordinate_Resolution: .00000001 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: NAD83 (2011) Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: NAVD88, GEOID12B Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: rdf2022-14-hwm-shaktoolik-20220922.csv, rdf2022-14-hwm-data-dictionary.csv Entity_Type_Definition: High-water mark locations and elevations; HWM points were collected using methods consistent with USGS (Koenig and others, 2016) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE, 2012) guidance. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: DGGS, DMLW, and USGS staff Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: High-water marks Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: rdf2022-14-erosion-shaktoolik-20220922.csv, rdf2022-14-erosion-data-dictionary.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Locations and elevations of observed erosion evidence. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS, DGGS Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: Ground and erosion points Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our website (https://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. Resource_Description: RDF 2022-14 Distribution_Liability: The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: DGGS publications are available as free online downloads or you may purchase paper hard-copies or digital files on CD/DVD or other digital storage media by mail, phone, fax, or email from the DGGS Fairbanks office. To purchase this or other printed reports and maps, contact DGGS by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turnaround time is 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. Shipping charge will be the actual cost of postage and will be added to the total amount due. Contact us for the exact shipping amount. Fees: Contact DGGS for current pricing Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: table Format_Version_Date: 20221128 Format_Information_Content: tabular data Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.14509/30909 Fees: Free download Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20221129 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Person: Simone Montayne Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Use_Constraints: If the user has modified the data in any way they are obligated to describe the types of modifications they have performed in the supporting metadata file. User specifically agrees not to imply that changes they made were approved by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources or Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: https://dggs.alaska.gov/metadata/dggs.ext Profile_Name: dggs metadata extensions