Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Originator: Gallagher, P.E. Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Reconnaissance interpretation of 1978-1981 permafrost, Alaska Highway corridor, Tetlin Junction to Canada border, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document, map sheets and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2012-1C Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 27 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/23444 Description: Abstract: During 2009 the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) conducted reconnaissance interpretive mapping of permafrost in Alaska Highway Corridor Segment 3, a 12-mi-wide (19.3-km-wide) corridor that straddles the Alaska Highway through the Northway-Tanacross Lowland and the southern Yukon-Tanana Upland from Tetlin Junction to the Canada border. This work was an extension of permafrost mapping done in Alaska Highway Corridor Segment 1 from Delta Junction to Dot Lake in the Big Delta and Mt. Hayes Quadrangles during 2006-2007 and Alaska Highway Corridor Segment 2 from the Robertson River to Tetlin Junction in the Tanacross Quadrangles during 2008. Primarily, we inferred the extent of permafrost and ice content by interpreting ~1:65,000-scale, false-color infrared aerial photographs taken in July 1978 and August 1981. Purpose: This report and map are a part of ADGGS's Alaska Natural Gas Pipeline Geology and Geohazards project, funded by the state legislature. They show an interpretive evaluation of the presence or absence of permafrost in the study area. The study was done in anticipation of the proposed natural gas pipeline along the Alaska Highway corridor, as a preliminary look at the expected distribution of permafrost based on air photo interpretation. The work was designed to serve as the springboard for the detailed work which would be required if a pipeline were to be built along this corridor. Because of the dearth of subsurface data in most of the map area, our permafrost designations should be considered tentative until validated by multi-year ground-temperature measurements at a depth below the level of annual temperature variation. Supplemental_Information: To enhance print quality, this publication utilized a vector topography dataset. The topography dataset is not included with this release. The DGGS metadata standard extends the FGDC standard to include elements that are required to facilitate our internal data management. These elements, referred to as "layers," group and describe files that have intrinsic logical or topological relationships. The layers listed below are present as ArcGIS shape files. Layers are named to correspond with the names of the files. Attribute information for the following layers (entities) is included in this metadata file under the "Entity_and_Attribute_Information" section. Unit information and descriptions are included on each map sheet. Each layer is listed and described in detail under its own heading starting "Entity_Type_Label." Layers include: >permafrost-polygons: permafrost map unit polygons >pingos: locations of pingos >localities: locations of sites discussed in the text >border: outline shape of the study area Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1978 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1981 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2008 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2009 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2010 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2011 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2012 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -142.5 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -141 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 63.378 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 62.529 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Theme_Keyword: Climate Change Theme_Keyword: Engineering Geology Theme_Keyword: Gasline Theme_Keyword: Geologic Hazards Theme_Keyword: Geologic Map Theme_Keyword: Geological Process Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Ice Theme_Keyword: Permafrost Theme_Keyword: Pingos Theme_Keyword: Proposed Natural Gas Pipeline Theme_Keyword: Remote Sensing Theme_Keyword: Subsidence Theme_Keyword: Thaw Lakes Theme_Keyword: Transportation Corridor Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Place_Keyword: Alaska Highway Corridor Place_Keyword: Alaska, State of Place_Keyword: Tanacross Place_Keyword: Tanacross Quadrangle Place_Keyword: Nabesna Place_Keyword: Nabesna Quadrangle Place_Keyword: Tetlin Junction Place_Keyword: Canada Place_Keyword: Midway Lake Place_Keyword: Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge Place_Keyword: Beaver Creek Place_Keyword: Scottie Creek Place_Keyword: Tanana River Place_Keyword: Nabesna River Place_Keyword: Chisana River Place_Keyword: Northway Place_Keyword: Northway Junction Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Walker, J. D., and Geissman, J. W., compilers, 2009, Geologic Time Scale: Geological Society of America Temporal_Keyword: Pleistocene Temporal_Keyword: Quaternary Temporal_Keyword: Holocene Access_Constraints: This report, map, and/or dataset are available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below). Use_Constraints: Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 907-451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Contact_Instructions: You may view our web site at http://www.dggs.alaska.gov for the latest information on available data. Please e-mail your questions and data requests when possible. Data_Set_Credit: This research was supported by Alaska State Capital Improvement Projects funding. The authors gratefully acknowledge the helpful review by M. Torre Jorgenson, and able cartographic assistance by James Weakland. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 10; ESRI ArcGIS 10 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Carver, G.A. Originator: Bemis, S.P. Originator: Solie, D.N. Originator: Castonguay, S.R. Originator: Obermiller, K.E. Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Active and potentially active faults in or near the Alaska Highway corridor, Dot Lake to Tetlin Junction, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2010-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 42 p. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/21121 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Carver, G.A. Originator: Bemis, S.P. Originator: Solie, D.N. Originator: Obermiller, K.E. Publication_Date: 2008 Title: Active and potentially active faults in or near the Alaska Highway corridor, Delta Junction to Dot Lake, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2008-3D Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 32 p. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/17901 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Originator: Reger, R.D. Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Engineering-geologic map of the Alaska Highway Corridor, Robertson River to Tetlin Junction, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map sheet and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2009-6B Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 4 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/19742 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Originator: Reger, R.D. Publication_Date: 201010 Title: Model for Late Wisconsinan Massive Outburst Flooding, Tok River Valley, Northeastern Alaska Range Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: conference proceedings Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs Issue_Identification: vol. 42, No. 5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boulder, CO Publisher: Geological Society of America Other_Citation_Details: 703 p. Abstract on p. 310 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Gallagher, P.E. Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Using lidar to refine geologic mapping and interpretations in the upper Tanana River valley, central Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: conference proceedings Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs Issue_Identification: v. 43, no. 5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boulder, CO Publisher: Geological Society of America Other_Citation_Details: p. 623 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Koehler, R.D. Originator: Carver, G.A. Publication_Date: Unknown Title: Active and Potentially active faults along the Alaska Highway corridor, Tetlin Junction to the Canadian border Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: IN PRESS Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Evidence for late Wisconsinan outburst floods in the Tok-Tanacross Basin. upper Tanana River Valley, east-central Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: conference proceedings Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs Issue_Identification: V. 41, No. 7 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boulder, CO Publisher: Geological Society of America Other_Citation_Details: p. 637 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Reconnaissance interpretation of 1978-1983 permafrost, Alaska Highway Corridor, Robertson River to Tetlin Junction, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Document, map sheet and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2009-6C Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 13 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/19743 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Originator: Carver, G.A. Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Surficial geology of Alaska Highway Corridor, Robertson River to Tetlin Junction, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document, map sheet and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2009-6A Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 53 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/19741 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Originator: Gallagher, P.E. Publication_Date: Unknown Title: Surficial geology of Alaska Highway corridor, Tetlin Junction to Canada border, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Document, map sheet and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2012-1A Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Report included. IN PRESS Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Originator: Gallagher, P.E. Publication_Date: Unknown Title: Engineering geology map, Alaska Highway corridor, Tetlin Junction to Canada border, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Document, map sheet and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2012-1B Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Report included. IN PRESS Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Solie, D.N. Publication_Date: 2008 Title: Engineering-geologic map, Alaska Highway corridor, Delta Junction to Dot Lake, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map sheet and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2008-3B Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/17981 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Solie, D.N. Publication_Date: 2008 Title: Reconnaissance interpretation of permafrost, Alaska Highway corridor, Delta Junction to Dot Lake, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Document, map sheet and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2008-3C Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 10 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/17621 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Stevens, D.S.P Originator: Solie, D.N. Publication_Date: 2008 Title: Surficial-geologic map, Alaska Highway Corridor, Delta Junction to Dot Lake, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: documents, map sheets and vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2008-3A Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Stevens, D.S.P Originator: Solie, D.N. Publication_Date: 2008 Title: Evidence of multiple outburst floods, upper Tanana River valley, east-central Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: conference proceedings Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs Issue_Identification: v. 40, no. 1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boulder, CO Publisher: Geological Society of America Other_Citation_Details: p. 36. Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: This dataset utilizes ~1:65,000-scale, false-color infrared aerial photographs taken in July 1978 and August 1980 to infer permafrost and ice content boundaries. This report uses the definition of permafrost as rock or soil that remains continuously colder than 0 degrees C (32 degrees F) for two years or longer. The presence or former presence of permafrost and the ground-ice content were inferred from several indicators, including vegetation, slope and aspect, land-form, soil type, local drainage, and terrain features, such as open-system pingos, polygonal ground, and thermokarst pits, gullies, and ponds (see lineage reference - Kreig and Reger, 1982). Permafrost classifications in areas that were burned just prior to aerial photography dates are less reliable than in unburned areas because the vegetation was destroyed or significantly altered and, in these areas, interpretation of permafrost was based only on land form and setting, which are less diagnostic than vegetation. During the 2009 field season we excavated and examined soil pits at selected locations to ground check unit descriptions and contacts. Because of the dearth of subsurface data in most of the map area, our permafrost designations should be considered tentative until validated by multi-year ground-temperature measurements at a depth below the level of annual temperature variation. To check attribute accuracy of the digital files we visually compared the original compilation against test plots of the files and corrected discrepancies between the digital geospatial dataset and the original analog as needed. The geologic interpretations presented in this report have undergone technical review by a geologist familiar with the subject of permafrost. We incorporated the reviewer's suggestions into the final draft when deemed appropriate. Logical_Consistency_Report: Polygon topology is present and clean on the original geospatial dataset. All polygon features were topologically validated using the ESRI ArcGIS 10 software prior to export to shape file format. The logical consistency of the point files has been visually checked but not systematically verified. Completeness_Report: The shapefiles in this dataset designate ice content, location, and presence of permafrost and pingos discussed in the report. The data set utilizes field observations and air photo interpretations to locate and characterize the permafrost extent and features. It includes geospatial information about units traceable on air photos at a scale of ~1:65000 and/or in the field. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The permafrost interpretations were first hand-drawn, using a magnifying stereoscope, onto acetate air-photo overlays at the scale of the air-photos (approximately inch-to-the-mile). The accuracy of the map unit boundary and point locations varies due to the scale and interpretive nature of the mapping and pen line width of approximately 0.001 meter which is equivalent to approximately 1.5 meters on the ground. The hand drawn map unit boundaries and point locations are expected to be accurate to at least 150 meters. Following interpretation, acetate overlays were then individually scanned and orthorectified, using Orthomapper, v. 3.6, and georeferenced. The air-photos were orthorectified, photomosaiced and georeferenced. Permafrost unit and point locations boundaries were digitized on-screen into ArcGIS from the orthorectified overlays at a scale more detailed than 1:63,360, using a combination of a USGS topographic 1:63.360 map layer and the air-photo photo-mosaic layer to verify the position of the lines and points. Map error is induced by: (1) Scanning and orthorectifying air photos and overlays 2) On-screen digitizing from orthorectified overlays. The accuracy of the human operator digitizing polylines and point localities is related to the accuracy of interpretations from the orthorectified photos and overlays. Total horizontal error in the map unit boundaries is estimated to be less than 175 meters. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1972 Title: Tanacross A-1 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington D.C. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 Sheet Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1952 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1971 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross A-1, 1952- minor revisions 1971 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1974 Title: Tanacross A-2 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington D.C. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1955 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1972 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross A-2, 1955- minor revisions 1972 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2000 Title: Tanacross A-3 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington D.C. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1948 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2000 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross A-3, 1948- minor revisions 2000 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1967 Title: Tanacross B-3 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington D.C. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1949 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1964 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross B-3, 1949- minor revisions 1964 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1963 Title: Nabesna C-1 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington D.C. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1955 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1963 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna C-1, 1955- minor revisions 1963 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1967 Title: Nabesna D-1 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington D.C Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1952 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1967 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna D-1, 1952- minor revisions 1967 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 1978 Title: Nabesna D-2 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1955 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1978 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna D-2, 1955- minor revisions 1978 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2000 Title: Nabesna D-3 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: USGS topo map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1955 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2000 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna D-3, 1955- minor revisions 2000 Source_Contribution: base map Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Brown, J. Originator: Ferrians, O.J., Jr. Originator: Heginbottom, J.A. Originator: Melnikov, E.S. Publication_Date: 1977 Title: Circum-arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-pacific Map Issue_Identification: CP-45 Other_Citation_Details: 1 map sheet, Scale 1:2,500,000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1997 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Brown and others, 1997 Source_Contribution: Contains information about permafrost and ground ice conditions in the circum arctic region Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ferrians, O.J., Jr. Publication_Date: 1965 Title: Permafrost map of Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map Issue_Identification: I-445 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA, USA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 map sheet, scale 1:2,500,000 Source_Scale_Denominator: 2500000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1965 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ferrians, 1965 Source_Contribution: Generalized permafrost map of Alaska Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ferrians, O.J. Originator: Kachadoorian, R. Originator: Greene, G.W. Publication_Date: 1969 Title: Permafrost and related engineering problems in Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper Issue_Identification: P 678 Other_Citation_Details: 37 p. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1969 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ferrians and others, 1969 Source_Contribution: Contains information about permafrost as it relates to engineering problems Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kreig, R.A. Originator: Reger, R.D. Publication_Date: 1982 Title: Air-photo analysis and summary of land-form and soil properties along the route of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: Geologic Report Issue_Identification: GR 66 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1982 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Kreig and Reger, 1982 Source_Contribution: This publication served as a guide for interpretation of aerial photographs for surficial deposits. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Reconnaissance interpretation of 1978-1983 permafrost, Alaska Highway Corridor, Robertson River to Tetlin Junction, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2009-6C Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 13 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:63,360. Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2010 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Reger and Hubbard, 2010 Source_Contribution: Contains information about interpreted permafrost in adjoining map area. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Stevens, D.S.P. Originator: Solie, D.N. Publication_Date: 2008 Title: Reconnaissance interpretation of permafrost, Alaska Highway Corridor, Delta junction to Dot lake, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2008-3C Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 2 map sheets, scale 1:63,360 Source_Scale_Denominator: 63360 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2008 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Reger and others, 2008 Source_Contribution: Contains information about interpreted permafrost in adjoining map area. Process_Step: Process_Description: Aerial photograph interpretation and compilation of existing work. DGGS authors compiled geologic data from published and unpublished mapping of the target region and adjacent regions. Stereo pairs of ~1:65,000-scale, false-color infrared Alaska High Altitude Aerial Photographs (AHAP) taken in July 1978 and August 1980 were used to interpret the presence and condition of permafrost. Interpreted proxy data include vegetation, slope and aspect, landforms, geology, local drainage, and terrain features. Unit boundaries were drawn by hand onto acetate overlays, using a magnifying stereoscope. Overlays were registered to aerial photos using tick marks on the photos. The air-photos and scanned overlays were orthorectified, photomosaiced and georeferenced using Orthomapper 3.6. Permafrost unit boundaries were digitized on-screen into ArcGIS 9+ from the orthorectified overlays at a scale more detailed than 1:63,360, using a combination of a USGS topographic 1:63.360 map layer and the air-photo photomosaic layer to verify the position of the lines. Permafrost map polygons and lines were then edited and attributed using ArcMap 9 and ArcMap10. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Brown and others, 1997 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ferrians, 1965 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ferrians and others, 1969 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Kreig and Reger, 1982 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Reger and others, 2008 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Reger and Hubbard, 2010 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross A-1, 1952 - minor revisions 1971 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross A-2, 1955 - minor revisions 1972 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross A-3, 1948 - minor revisions 1978 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Tanacross B-3, 1949 - minor revisions 1964 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna C-1, 1955 - minor revisions 1963 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna D-1, 1952 - minor revisions 1967 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna D-2, 1955 - minor revisions 1978 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Nabesna D-3, 1955 - minor revisions 2000 Process_Date: 2008 Process_Step: Process_Description: Fieldwork - July-August 2009 - DGGS geologists visited localities of varying permafrost conditions in the field to observe surface conditions in order to verify aerial photo interpretations. In addition, they dug several pits, using shovels, to a maximum depth of 1.5 meters to observe soil profiles, determine whether frozen soil was present, and to collect samples for moisture content analysis. Process_Date: 2009 Process_Step: Process_Description: Map compilation - The permafrost map was compiled using: field notes from fieldwork process step (above), all known geologic data from previous work in the general region, and additional aerial photograph interpretation. Changes to unit boundaries, after field work, were completed in ArcGIS 9 and ArcGIS 10. The final map layout was created using ArcGIS 10. Process_Date: 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: Metadata creation - Metadata were assembled by P.E. Gallagher to FGDC Standards using Metavist 1.2, DGGS 7.05, a data entry program for FGDC metadata with XML output. Process_Date: 2012 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 7 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -141.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar_Coordinate_Layer_Name: permafrost-polygons Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 7 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -141.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar_Coordinate_Layer_Name: pingos Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 7 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -141.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar_Coordinate_Layer_Name: border Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 7 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -141.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar_Coordinate_Layer_Name: localities Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.9786982 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: border Entity_Type_Label: pir2012-1c-border Entity_Type_Definition: polygon outlining boundary of map area Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: localities Entity_Type_Label: pir2012-1c-localities Entity_Type_Definition: Points identifying field localities discussed in this report (PIR 2012-1C) Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute: Attribute_Label: Label Attribute_Definition: Label used to identify field localities Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Label: GC indicates Gardiner Creek locality, M indicates soil moisture locality, TM indicates temperature locality, and PES indicates permafrost experiment site Attribute: Attribute_Label: Type Attribute_Definition: Type of locality Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Gardiner Creek locality Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Gardiner Creek locality discussed in text Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Soil moisture locality Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Soil moisture locality discussed in text Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Temperature locality Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Temperature locality discussed in text Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Permafrost Experiment Site Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Permafrost experiment site discussed in text Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: permafrost-polygons Entity_Type_Label: pir2012-1c-permafrost-polygons Entity_Type_Definition: Permafrost map unit polygons. Boundaries of polygons are inferred. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute: Attribute_Label: map_unit Attribute_Definition: Permafrost map unit label shown on map and described in text. Note that "?" indicates questionable identification. Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: PIR2012-1C Explanation of Map Units Codeset_Source: Reger, R.D., Hubbard, T.D., and Gallagher, P.E., 2012, Reconnaissance interpretation of 1978-1981 permafrost, Alaska Highway corridor, Tetlin Junction to Canada border, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2012-1C, see Sheet 1 and Sheet 2 Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: pingos Entity_Type_Label: pir2012-1c-pingos Entity_Type_Definition: point locations of pingos Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 907-451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our website (http://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. Resource_Description: PIR 2012-1C Distribution_Liability: The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties of merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, function, or capabilities of the electronic services or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products, any failure thereof, or otherwise, and in no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the requester or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: DGGS publications are available as free online downloads or you may purchase paper hard-copies or digital files on CD/DVD or other digital storage media by mail, phone, fax, or email from the DGGS Fairbanks office. To purchase this or other printed reports and maps, contact DGGS by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turn around time is 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. Shipping charge will be the actual cost of postage and will be added to the total amount due. Contact us for the exact shipping amount. Fees: see http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/23444 Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SHP Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/23444 Fees: Free download Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20120425 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Metadata manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-451-5020 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Use_Constraints: If the user has modified this metadata file in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent this metadata file, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/metadata/dggs.ext Profile_Name: dggs metadata extensions