Geology of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska

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Title: Geology of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
Abstract:
Kasatochi is a small, isolated island volcano in the center of the Aleutian Island chain. It consists of a roughly circular cone approximately 3 km in diameter with a lake-filled central crater that is 1.2 km in diameter and extends from the highest point on the island to sea level. The oldest unit recognized is a thick series of mid-Pleistocene glaciovolcanic deposits consisting of autobrecciated lava, lahars, and volumetrically minor lava masses that we believe to have been emplaced underneath a regional ice cap. This unit is unconformably overlain by several massive Holocene lavas, above which lies a thick sequence of latest-Holocene pyroclastic deposits likely deposited during the crater-forming eruption. The 2008 eruption enlarged the preexisting crater, and produced pyroclastic density currents, surges, and fall that blanketed the entire island except for the crater wall and steep, seaward-facing cliffs on the flanks. 2008 deposits initially extended the shoreline seaward by up to 500 m. Kasatochi lava and scoria are porphyritic basalt, basaltic andesite, and andesite, all of which bear trace-element evidence for prolonged crustal residence and equilibration with an amphibole-rich gabbroic residue. Lavas from individual effusive eruptions have limited compositional range, whereas juvenile scoriae from explosive eruptions span the majority of the compositional range of the entire volcano. 2008 pyroclastic deposits contain texturally diverse amphibole gabbro clasts and smaller, less abundant, plagioclase-free pyroxenitic and peridotitic cumulate inclusions. We infer that the gabbroic inclusions are from the margins of regions of crustal magma storage and evolution and that equilibration with the amphibole plays an important role in the evolution of mafic and intermediate magmas.
Supplemental_Information:
This digital data distribution package provides shapefiles and geodatabase that portray features presented in PR 123. Field names and values are organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP). This metadata file lists the table names and field names used in the geodatabase. Table and field names in the shapefiles are truncated at 10 characters. The geodatabase and selected shapefiles provide the following features:
CorrelationOfMapUnits: Geodatabase feature dataset that depicts the map unit correlation chart; includes applicable unit designators, brackets, dividing lines, and text, NCGMP09 format 
ContactsAndFaults: Line features that depict faults and geologic contacts. 
GenericSamples: A point file that provides locations, symbology, and labels for geologic samples. 
GeochronPoints: Geochronology sample location points. 
GeologicLines: Dikes, coal seams, ash beds, glacial features, anticline and syncline hinge-surface traces, and other kinds of key beds that do not participate in map-unit topology. 
IsoValueLines: Topographic contours. 
MapUnitPolys: Polygons that record the distribution of mapped or interpreted geologic units. 
OtherPolys: Polygons that record the location and extent of geologic or geographic features other than the geologic units.
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    Nye, C.J., Scott, W.E., Neill, O.K., Waythomas, C.F., Cameron, C.E., and Calvert, A.T., 2017, Geology of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska: Professional Report PR 123, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 127 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:5000

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -175.535309
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -175.488612
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 52.186087
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 52.155502

  3. What does it look like?

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 2008
    Ending_Date: 2017
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report and digital data

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a vector data set.

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 1
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -177
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0

      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest .00000001
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest .00000001
      Planar coordinates are specified in Meters

      The horizontal datum used is World Geodetic System of 1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS 84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563000025.

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    CorrelationOfMapUnits
    Geodatabase feature dataset that depicts the map unit correlation chart; includes applicable unit designators, brackets, dividing lines, and text, NCGMP09 format (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS).This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    ContactsAndFaults
    Line features that depict faults and geologic contacts. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS).This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    Type
    Type values specify the kind of features represented by a line, point, or polygon (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Feature type(s): contact; shoreline; coastline

    IsConcealed
    This is a flag to identify contacts and faults covered by overlying map units. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    NThe feature IS NOT covered by an overlying map unit.

    ExistenceConfidence
    Indicates the degree of confidence and/or certainty in the interpretation of a a feature's existence. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    certainIndicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale.

    IdentityConfidence
    Indicates degree of confidence in the identification and classification of the feature. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    certainIndicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale.

    LocationConfidenceMeters
    Half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in the data. A value of -9 indicates that this measure is not available. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:10
    Units:meters

    Symbol
    References the symbol value that was assigned to the point. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization; Appendix A. Geologic map symbols, colors, and patterns, "REF NO" field
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    Notes
    Free text for additional information about the polygon. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    The notes indicate the source of the feature interpretation or provide more information about the feature.

    GenericSamples
    A point file that provides locations, symbology, and labels for geologic samples. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS).This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    Type
    Type values specify the kind of features represented by a line, point, or polygon (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Feature type(s): LAVA; gabbro; na; basalt, gabbro gms; basalt sheath, peridotite; per-ite; pyx-ite; anorthosite; gab_plag; gab_amph

    MapUnit
    Short ASCII string that indicates the map unit. Note: map units in parentheses, such as (Qcf), indicate combined map units consisting of bedrock overlain by thin or discontinuous deposits of the map unit. Map units with a question mark, such as (Qus?), indicate an uncertain identification. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    NULLBlank (NULL) field values indicate that a map unit value was not assigned.
    Q8f2008 pyroclastic fans - Thick fans that were formed by deposits of 2008 lithic pyroclastic density currents and falls that were channelized by local topography
    Q8pVolcanic rocks
    QbBeach deposits - Sand and gravel beach deposits
    Qd2008 mass-flow deposits - Deposits of mud-lump debris flows derived from sloughed upper portions of 2008 pyroclastic deposits immediately after the eruption
    QfAlluvial fan deposits - Sand, gravel, cobbles, and boulders derived mostly from 2008 eruption deposits deposited by streams and debris flows
    QlLag beach deposits - Boulder and cobble lag beach deposits
    QlpLuna pyroclastic deposits - Lithic basaltic andesite to andesite pyroclastic density current deposits
    QobmOgres Brow basaltic andesite - A single thick porphyritic basaltic andesite flow lobe
    QpgPeregrine glaciovolcanic deposits - Unbedded autobrecciated lava in the lower part and juvenile clast-bearing laharic debris flows in the upper part
    QrbRye basalt - Porphyritic basalt flows
    QrmRye basaltic andesite - Porphyritic basaltic andesite flow or flows
    QtTalus - Accumulations of angular boulders deposited below cliffs
    QtmTundering basaltic andesite - Thick flow lobes of porphyritic basaltic andesite
    QwaWhiskey andesite - Porphyritic andesitic flows or flow lobes

    Label
    The label values provide text strings to display along with their associated feature. Depending on the context of the feature class, label values will contain applicable FGDCGeoAge font characters, feature labels, dip and plunge values for measured orientations, or other special characters. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDCGeoAge font
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    FieldSampleID
    Identifier assigned by person who originally located the sample (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    NULLA sample number was not recorded or was not assigned.

    Generic example of a DGGS sample identifier: YYYYAAA9999XXXX; YY or YYYY= year, AAA=geologist's initials (one to three characters), 9999=unique station number, XXXX= optional alpha characters which indicate that multiple samples were collected at a given location or that multiple observations with possibly identical prefixes were recorded in the project database. Field stations observed by non-DGGS personnel use identifiers from the originating reference.

    MaterialAnalyzed
    Type of material used for analysis. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Material type(s): whole-rock; not analyzed

    LocationConfidenceMeters
    Half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in the data. A value of -9 indicates that this measure is not available. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:1
    Units:meters

    Notes
    Free text for additional information about the polygon. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    The notes indicate the source of the feature interpretation or provide more information about the feature.

    GeochronPoints
    Geochronology sample location points. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS).This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    MapUnit
    Short ASCII string that indicates the map unit. Note: map units in parentheses, such as (Qcf), indicate combined map units consisting of bedrock overlain by thin or discontinuous deposits of the map unit. Map units with a question mark, such as (Qus?), indicate an uncertain identification. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    Q8f2008 pyroclastic fans - Thick fans that were formed by deposits of 2008 lithic pyroclastic density currents and falls that were channelized by local topography
    Q8pVolcanic rocks
    QrbRye basalt - Porphyritic basalt flows

    Label
    The label values provide text strings to display along with their associated feature. Depending on the context of the feature class, label values will contain applicable FGDCGeoAge font characters, feature labels, dip and plunge values for measured orientations, or other special characters. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDCGeoAge font
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    FieldSampleID
    Identifier assigned by person who originally located the sample (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    NULLA sample number was not recorded or was not assigned.

    Generic example of a DGGS sample identifier: YYYYAAA9999XXXX; YY or YYYY= year, AAA=geologist's initials (one to three characters), 9999=unique station number, XXXX= optional alpha characters which indicate that multiple samples were collected at a given location or that multiple observations with possibly identical prefixes were recorded in the project database. Field stations observed by non-DGGS personnel use identifiers from the originating reference.

    MaterialAnalyzed
    Type of material used for analysis. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Material type(s): groundmass

    LocationConfidenceMeters
    Half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in the data. A value of -9 indicates that this measure is not available. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:1
    Units:meters

    Age
    The interpreted (preferred) age calculated from geochronological analysis. Note: units provided in AgeUnits field. (Source: Volcano Science Center geochronology lab, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California)

    Range of values
    Minimum:4
    Maximum:131

    AgePlusError
    The upper age plus error calculated from geochronological analysis. Note: units provided in AgeUnits field. (Source: Volcano Science Center geochronology lab, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California)

    Range of values
    Minimum:2
    Maximum:3

    AgeMinusError
    The lower age plus error calculated from geochronological analysis. Note: units provided in AgeUnits field. (Source: Volcano Science Center geochronology lab, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California)

    Range of values
    Minimum:2
    Maximum:3

    AgeUnits
    Units of the geochronology analysis. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys or originating reference)

    Units(s): ka

    Notes
    Free text for additional information about the polygon. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    The notes indicate the source of the feature interpretation or provide more information about the feature.

    GeologicLines
    Dikes, coal seams, ash beds, glacial features, anticline and syncline hinge-surface traces, and other kinds of key beds that do not participate in map-unit topology. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS).This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    Type
    Type values specify the kind of features represented by a line, point, or polygon (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Feature type(s): crater rim; shoreline; beach bluffs; tension cracks; lgl shore; lgl max extent; gullies 1-5m wide; gullies > 5m wide

    IsConcealed
    This is a flag to identify contacts and faults covered by overlying map units. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    NThe feature IS NOT covered by an overlying map unit.

    ExistenceConfidence
    Indicates the degree of confidence and/or certainty in the interpretation of a a feature's existence. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    certainIndicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale.

    IdentityConfidence
    Indicates degree of confidence in the identification and classification of the feature. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    certainIndicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale.

    LocationConfidenceMeters
    Half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in the data. A value of -9 indicates that this measure is not available. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:1
    Units:meters

    Symbol
    References the symbol value that was assigned to the point. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization; Appendix A. Geologic map symbols, colors, and patterns, "REF NO" field
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    Notes
    Free text for additional information about the polygon. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    The notes indicate the source of the feature interpretation or provide more information about the feature.

    IsoValueLines
    Topographic contours (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS).This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    Type
    Type values specify the kind of features represented by a line, point, or polygon (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Feature type(s): index contour; contour

    Value
    Numeric value applicable or assigned to the feature. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Range of values
    Minimum:-10
    Maximum:310

    LocationConfidenceMeters
    Half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in the data. A value of -9 indicates that this measure is not available. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:1
    Units:meters

    Symbol
    References the symbol value that was assigned to the point. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization; Appendix A. Geologic map symbols, colors, and patterns, "REF NO" field
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    Label
    The label values provide text strings to display along with their associated feature. Depending on the context of the feature class, label values will contain applicable FGDCGeoAge font characters, feature labels, dip and plunge values for measured orientations, or other special characters. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDCGeoAge font
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    Notes
    Free text for additional information about the polygon. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    The notes indicate the source of the feature interpretation or provide more information about the feature.

    MapUnitPolys
    Polygons that record the distribution of mapped or interpreted geologic units. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS)This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    MapUnit
    Short ASCII string that indicates the map unit. Note: map units in parentheses, such as (Qcf), indicate combined map units consisting of bedrock overlain by thin or discontinuous deposits of the map unit. Map units with a question mark, such as (Qus?), indicate an uncertain identification. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    NULLBlank (NULL) field values indicate that a map unit value was not assigned.
    Q8f2008 pyroclastic fans - Thick fans that were formed by deposits of 2008 lithic pyroclastic density currents and falls that were channelized by local topography
    Q8pVolcanic rocks
    QbBeach deposits - Sand and gravel beach deposits
    Qd2008 mass-flow deposits - Deposits of mud-lump debris flows derived from sloughed upper portions of 2008 pyroclastic deposits immediately after the eruption
    QfAlluvial fan deposits - Sand, gravel, cobbles, and boulders derived mostly from 2008 eruption deposits deposited by streams and debris flows
    QgmbGregs Mighty basalt - Thin porphyritic olivine- clinopyroxene-basalt flows
    QlLag beach deposits - Boulder and cobble lag beach deposits
    QlpLuna pyroclastic deposits - Lithic basaltic andesite to andesite pyroclastic density current deposits
    QmBack-beach deposits - Muddy silt, sand, and subordinate gravel deposited behind beach ridges
    QmfmMonkeys Forehead basaltic andesite - Porphyritic basaltic andesite flows and flow lobes
    QmkaMount Kasatochi andesite - Amphibole-bearing porphyritic andesite dome or coulee
    QobmOgres Brow basaltic andesite - A single thick porphyritic basaltic andesite flow lobe
    QpgPeregrine glaciovolcanic deposits - Unbedded autobrecciated lava in the lower part and juvenile clast-bearing laharic debris flows in the upper part
    QplPeregrine lava - Massive amphibole-rich porphyritic basaltic andesite lava
    QrbRye basalt - Porphyritic basalt flows
    QrmRye basaltic andesite - Porphyritic basaltic andesite flow or flows
    QsSlump deposits - Collapsed bluffs of 2008 eruption deposits
    QtTalus - Accumulations of angular boulders deposited below cliffs
    QtmTundering basaltic andesite - Thick flow lobes of porphyritic basaltic andesite
    Qw82008 pyroclastic deposits - 2008 pyroclastic deposits on crater wall surfaces with moderate slope
    QwaWhiskey andesite - Porphyritic andesitic flows or flow lobes
    QwcColluvium - Colluvium; dominantly post-2008 eruption
    QwdDikes
    QwfFragmental volcanic deposits - Dominantly red, orange, and gray scoriaceous breccia and coarse tephra
    QwhLower crater wall deposits - Greenish-weathering bedded and massive volcaniclastic and
    QwlLava - Dominantly lava flows
    QwpThin tephra - Thinly bedded tephra-fall or fine-grained pyroclastic Qwp flow and surge deposits
    QwtfThin lava flows - Thin lava flows; morphologically unique in crater wall exposures; likely correlative with Gregs Mighty basalt
    waterwater

    IdentityConfidence
    Indicates degree of confidence in the identification and classification of the feature. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    NULLBlank (NULL) field values indicate that a degree of confidence value was not assigned.
    certainIndicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale.

    Label
    The label values provide text strings to display along with their associated feature. Depending on the context of the feature class, label values will contain applicable FGDCGeoAge font characters, feature labels, dip and plunge values for measured orientations, or other special characters. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDCGeoAge font
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    Symbol
    References the CMYK color value that was assigned to the map unit. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    4430CMYK value - C:40%, M:40%, Y:30%, K:0%
    3460CMYK value - C:30%, M:40%, Y:60%, K:0%
    0060CMYK value - C:0%, M:0%, Y:60%, K:0%
    0140CMYK value - C:0%, M:13%, Y:40%, K:0%
    0400CMYK value - C:0%, M:40%, Y:0%, K:0%
    0A00CMYK value - C:0%, M:8%, Y:0%, K:0%
    AAA0CMYK value - C:8%, M:8%, Y:8%, K:0%
    2000CMYK value - C:20%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:0%
    A000, pattern 402CMYK value - C:8%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:0%
    A000CMYK value - C:8%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:0%
    0A20CMYK value - C:0%, M:8%, Y:20%, K:0%
    0200CMYK value - C:0%, M:20%, Y:0%, K:0%
    0030CMYK value - C:0%, M:0%, Y:30%, K:0%
    0531CMYK value - C:0%, M:50%, Y:30%, K:13%
    1240CMYK value - C:13%, M:20%, Y:40%, K:0%
    3050CMYK value - C:30%, M:0%, Y:50%, K:0%
    05X0CMYK value - C:0%, M:50%, Y:100%, K:0%
    A100CMYK value - C:8%, M:13%, Y:0%, K:0%
    A010CMYK value - C:8%, M:0%, Y:13%, K:0%
    5600CMYK value - C:50%, M:60%, Y:0%, K:0%
    3400CMYK value - C:30%, M:40%, Y:0%, K:0%
    7600CMYK value - C:70%, M:60%, Y:0%, K:0%
    3200CMYK value - C:30%, M:20%, Y:0%, K:0%
    5000CMYK value - C:50%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:0%
    1A00CMYK value - C:13%, M:8%, Y:0%, K:0%
    3000CMYK value - C:30%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:0%
    5400CMYK value - C:50%, M:40%, Y:0%, K:0%
    5070CMYK value - C:50%, M:0%, Y:70%, K:0%
    1000CMYK value - C:13%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:0%
    3010CMYK value - C:30%, M:0%, Y:13%, K:0%

    Notes
    Free text for additional information about the polygon. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    The notes indicate the source of the feature interpretation or provide more information about the feature.

    OtherPolys
    Polygons that record the location and extent of geologic or geographic features other than the geologic units (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS)This table is organized according to the NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP).)

    Type
    Type values specify the kind of features represented by a line, point, or polygon (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Feature type(s): geologic unit pattern; map area boundary

    IdentityConfidence
    Indicates degree of confidence in the identification and classification of the feature. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    ValueDefinition
    certainIndicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale.

    Symbol
    References the symbol value that was assigned to the point. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization; Appendix A. Geologic map symbols, colors, and patterns, "REF NO" field
    Codeset Source:Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates.

    Notes
    Free text for additional information about the polygon. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

    The notes indicate the source of the feature interpretation or provide more information about the feature.


Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

    Initial fieldwork was supported by the North Pacific Research Board (Project #923), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Alaska Volcano Observatory, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Additional fieldwork was supported by AVO and the USFWS. We thank USFWS for continued encouragement and support. We especially thank Jeff Williams of the USFWS for sharing his deep knowledge of Kasatochi history, biology, and geography, and for his all-encompassing interest in Kasatochi science. Fieldwork was supported by the M/V Tiglax, under the able command of Captain Billy Pepper; we thank the captain and crew for comfortable and safe transport. We thank pilots Burke Mees, Jerry Morris, and Roger Clifford for taking and sharing oblique aerial photographs. Post-eruption scientific studies span a large range of biologic and geologic disciplines, and we thank the other scientists for rewarding and fruitful cross-fertilization. Chris Nye thanks Patricia Gallagher for help with ArcGIS during preparation of the map draft and for final cartography, and Nicole Kinsman for help with establishing the Kasatochi Mean Sea Level datum. Reviews by Brian Jicha and especially Michael Clynne substantially improved the report. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the State of Alaska or U.S. Government.

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    Metadata Manager
    3354 College Road
    Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
    USA

    (907)451-5039 (voice)
    (907)451-5050 (FAX)
    dggspubs@alaska.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays


Why was the data set created?

Kasatochi is a small, isolated island volcano in the center of the Aleutian Island chain. It consists of a roughly circular cone approximately 3 km in diameter with a lake-filled central crater that is 1.2 km in diameter and extends from the highest point on the island to sea level. A large eruption in 2008 blanketed the island in pyroclastic deposits. A multidisciplinary effort to document recovery of the ecosystem was initiated, and this study of the geology of the island was undertaken as part of that effort. This 1:5000 scale geologic map and accompanying report is the first to document the geology of the entire island and it presents a snapshot of the island early in its response to the 2008 eruption. Map units are the result of combined field observations, aerial imagery interpretation, geochemical and geochronological analysis.


How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: 2013 (process 1 of 4)
    Field data collection - Geologic field mapping and sampling were conducted during short trips on 18 days-nominally 2 to 3 days in mid-June and mid- to late-August-from 2009 through 2013. In addition to other field observations, we captured high-resolution panoramic photographs of the island flanks taken from offshore and of the crater wall taken from the rim.

    Date: 2015 (process 2 of 4)
    Rock sample analysis - More than 110 rock samples were collected during the course of mapping. One hundred one of these samples were analyzed for major and trace elements by the Peter Hooper GeoAnalytical Lab at Washington State University. Detailed petrographic descriptions and 1,000-point modes were made using thin sections of 67 of the samples. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) at the Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks produced 3,364 mineral analyses, including core-rim pairs from 1,385 grains, from 24 representative samples, spanning all lithologic units. In addition, 40Ar/39Ar ages were obtained for three samples by the USGS, Menlo Park, California.

    Date: 2015 (process 3 of 4)
    Technical review - This is a final report of scientific research. It has received technical review and editing by several scientists familiar with the subject matter. We incorporated the reviewers' suggestions into the final draft when deemed appropriate.

    Date: 2016 (process 4 of 4)
    GIS analysis and digital cartography - The geologic and geographic features portrayed in this data distribution package were attributed according to the NCGMP09 geodatabase standard.

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Nye, Chris, 2017, Kasatochi Island 2009 topography: Miscellaneous Publication MP 163, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

    Certainty in attribute interpretation varies throughout the map. Attribute fields within each table record the author's degree of confidence in the existence or identity of applicable features. This publication is a final report of research and has received two technical reviews as well as technical editing.

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

    Certainty in feature boundaries or location varies throughout the map. Data fields within each table record the author's degree of confidence in the location of applicable features.

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    This DGGS Professional Report is a final report of scientific research. It has received technical review and may be cited as an agency publication. This publication provides information about the mapped and interpreted geologic deposits distinguishable at a scale of about 1:5,000. The reader is cautioned that unevaluated hazards may be present in areas that were inecessable to field geologists.

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    Polygon topology is present and clean on the original geospatial dataset. All polygon features were topologically validated using ArcGIS prior to export to shapefile format.


How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints:
This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below).
Use_Constraints:
Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    Metadata Manager
    3354 College Road
    Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
    USA

    (907)451-5039 (voice)
    (907)451-5050 (FAX)
    dggspubs@alaska.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    PR 123

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.

  4. How can I download or order the data?


Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 21-Aug-2017
Metadata author:
Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
Metadata Manager
3354 College Road
Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
USA

(907)451-5039 (voice)
(907)451-5050 (FAX)
dggspubs@alaska.gov

Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:


Generated by mp version 2.9.21 on Mon Aug 21 15:46:47 2017