Major-oxide and trace-element geochemistry of mafic rocks in the Carboniferous Lisburne Group, Ivishak River area, northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How should this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How should this data set be cited?

   Newberry, R.J., Herriott, T.M., Wartes, M.A., Gillis, R.J., and Wypych, Alicja, 2016, Major-oxide and trace-element geochemistry of mafic rocks in the Carboniferous Lisburne Group, Ivishak River area, northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska: Raw Data File RDF 2016-2, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

   Online Links:

   • <http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29563>

   Other_Citation_Details: 2 p.

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -147.730504

   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -147.704670

   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 69.079843

   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 69.000217

3. What does it look like?

4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Calendar_Date: 2009

   Currentness_Reference: publication date

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report and digital data

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a point data set.

   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest .000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest .000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in decimal degrees.

      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1927.
      The ellipsoid used is Clarke 1866.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378206.4.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/294.9786982.
      

7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   rdf2016-2-border.shp

   Outline of the study area. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   rdf2016-2-rock-major-minor-oxide-trace-element.csv, rdf2016-2-rock-major-minor-oxide-trace-element-methods.csv

   Major- and minor-oxide and trace-element analysis of rock samples. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   SAMPLE

   Label assigned to identify the sample. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   Generic example of a sample identifier: YYAAA9999X: YY=last two digits of year, AAA=geologist's initials (one to three characters), 9999=unique station number, X= optional alpha character which indicates that multiple samples were collected at a given location or that multiple observations were recorded in the project database.

   LONGITUDE

   Longitude, NAD27 (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-147.72647
   Maximum:	-147.70869
   Units:	decimal degrees

   LATITUDE

   Latitude, NAD27 (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	69.00166
   Maximum:	69.0784
   Units:	decimal degrees

   COLLECTOR

   The geologist who collected the sample. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   The samples presented in this report were collected by: Gillis, Robert J., and Herriott, Trystan M.

   DESCRIPTION

   Description of the sample (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   Characters 1 to 254 of a brief sample or station description.

   DESCRIP_2

   Extension of the sample or station description for descriptions greater than 254 characters in length (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   Characters greater than 254 of the sample or station description.

   DESCRIP_3

   Extension of the sample or station description for descriptions greater than 508 characters in length (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	The descriptive text is shorter than 508 characters.

   Characters greater than 508 of the sample or station description.

   SiO2_pct

   Silicon dioxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	32.1
   Maximum:	62.9
   Units:	percent

   Al2O3_pct

   Aluminum oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	7.27
   Maximum:	15.6
   Units:	percent

   CaCO3_pct

   Calcium carbonate values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	41.6
   Maximum:	41.6
   Units:	percent

   CaO_pct

   Calcium oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.759
   Maximum:	8.1
   Units:	percent

   FeO_pct

   Iron oxide (+2) values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.333
   Maximum:	9.52
   Units:	percent

   FeS2_pct

   Iron disulfide values measured in percent; Method: Calculation (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	6.08
   Maximum:	6.08
   Units:	percent

   K2O_pct

   Potassium oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.03
   Maximum:	1.2
   Units:	percent

   MgO_pct

   Magnesium oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	3.59
   Maximum:	5.52
   Units:	percent

   MnO_pct

   Manganese oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.0437
   Maximum:	0.119
   Units:	percent

   Na2O_pct

   Sodium oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.0352
   Maximum:	5.56
   Units:	percent

   P2O5_pct

   Phosphorus oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.243
   Maximum:	0.58
   Units:	percent

   TiO2_pct

   Titanium dioxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1.57
   Maximum:	2.68
   Units:	percent

   BaO_pct

   Barium oxide values measured in percent; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.02
   Maximum:	0.0424
   Units:	percent

   Cl_ppm

   Chlorine values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	36.8
   Maximum:	131
   Units:	parts per million

   Cr_ppm

   Chromium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	51.9
   Maximum:	281
   Units:	parts per million

   Cu_ppm

   Copper values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	28.2
   Maximum:	146
   Units:	parts per million

   F_ppm

   Fluorine values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1990
   Maximum:	1990
   Units:	parts per million

   Ga_ppm

   Gallium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	24.9
   Maximum:	27.3
   Units:	parts per million

   Ni_ppm

   Nickel values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	97
   Maximum:	162
   Units:	parts per million

   Pb_ppm

   Lead values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	23
   Maximum:	41.4
   Units:	parts per million

   Rb_ppm

   Rubidium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	17.5
   Maximum:	39.8
   Units:	parts per million

   S_ppm

   Sulfur values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Value	Definition
   NULL	Blank (NULL) field values may indicate that either the chemical species was not analyzed or that it was measured but found to be below detection limits.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	342
   Maximum:	1010
   Units:	parts per million

   Sr_ppm

   Strontium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	197.1
   Maximum:	616.6
   Units:	parts per million

   V_ppm

   Vanadium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	178
   Maximum:	314
   Units:	parts per million

   Zn_ppm

   Zinc values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	84
   Maximum:	186
   Units:	parts per million

   Zr_ppm

   Zirconium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	152.2
   Maximum:	309
   Units:	parts per million

   Nb_ppm

   Niobium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	17.8
   Maximum:	49.5
   Units:	parts per million

   Y_ppm

   Yttrium values measured in parts per million; Method: X-Ray Fluorescence (Source: Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	15.3
   Maximum:	34
   Units:	parts per million

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Newberry, R.J.
   • Herriott, T.M.
   • Wartes, M.A.
   • Gillis, R.J.
   • Wypych, Alicja

2. Who also contributed to the data set?

   Wesley K. Wallace (deceased) collected additional samples from the Lisburne Group mafic rocks and mapped the geology of the area with Herriott and Gillis. This work was funded by the State of Alaska.

3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
   GIS Manager
   3354 College Road
   Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
   USA
   

   (907)451-5020 (voice)
   dggsgis@alaska.gov
   

   Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays

Why was the data set created?

Mafic rock samples were collected from the Lisburne Group for petrographic, geochronologic, and geochemical analyses.

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

   Keller, A.S. and others, 1961 (source 1 of 1)

   Keller, A.S., Morris, R.H., and Detterman, R.L., 1961, Geology of the Shaviovik and Sagavanirktok rivers region, Alaska: Professional Paper P 303-D, U.S. Geological Survey, United States.

   Online Links:

   • <http://dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/3831>

   Other_Citation_Details: p. 169-222, 6 sheets, scale 1:500,000

   Type_of_Source_Media: paper

   Source_Scale_Denominator: 500000

   Source_Contribution: sample selection

2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 2009 (process 1 of 3)

   Sample selection - Mafic rock samples were collected from the Lisburne Group for petrographic, geochronologic, and geochemical analyses. A diverse suite of geochemistry samples was obtained to evaluate petrogenesis and tectonic setting for the mafic rocks and to constrain the lithologic variability in the interval. We typically collected several kilograms of rock at each sampling locality, using a rock hammer to sample material beneath the weathering rind of an outcrop's surface. Sampled material was placed in muslin or canvas bags that were labeled with pertinent stratigraphic and location information.

   Data sources used in this process:

   • Keller, A.S. and others, 1961

   Date: 2009 (process 2 of 3)

   Sample preparation - Rock samples were prepared by Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. The preparation included cutting samples into 4-cm-diameter discs and polishing them on a lapidary wheel.

   Date: 2009 (process 3 of 3)

   Slab XRF analysis - The polished sample slabs were directly analyzed using the PANalytical Axios wavelength-dispersive XRF and SuperQ(tm) software. Nb, Rb, Sr, Y, and Zr were measured using the 37mmRbSrYZr analytical routine; other elements were measured with the IQ+37mmVac analytical routine. The 37mmRbSrYZr routine uses specific predetermined peak and background positions for which X-ray intensities are measured for 2-800 seconds (depending on the element). The intensity of the Rh Compton peak was used to estimate mass-absorption coefficients (MACs) for both unknowns and well-characterized natural standards. Peak intensities were computed and converted to concentrations using calibration curves employing at least ten natural rock standards. These procedures were routinely checked by analysis of secondary natural standards that were not employed in making the calibration curves. Elemental abundances are typically within 2-5 percent of the amount present for concentrations greater than 10 times the detection limit; within 5-10 percent of the amount present for concentrations 4-10 times the detection limit; and within 30 percent of the amount present for concentrations near the detection limit. The IQ+37mmVac program scans over a series of energies corresponding to a range from Ce K-alpha to O K-alpha. Peak heights and backgrounds and X-ray elemental interferences were picked with the software and checked manually to ensure quality control. Elemental abundances for all elements with atomic numbers between 8 and 92 were estimated from artificial standards; these estimations were used to calculate MACs for each element present above the detection limit. Revised concentrations were employed to calculate revised MACs until a stable solution was determined. Elemental abundances were then normalized to 100 percent. The software was routinely checked using pressed pellets of well-characterized natural rock standards. Elemental abundances are within 1-2 percent of the amount present for major elements, 2-5 percent of the amount present for minor elements, and 5-10 percent of the amount present for trace elements.

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

   Herriott, T.M., Wartes, M.A., Newberry, R.J., Wallace, W.K., and Gillis, R.J., 2011, Geology, geochemistry, and regional implications of mafic igneous rocks in the Carboniferous Lisburne Group, Ivishak River area, northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska (poster): The Sixth International Conference on Arctic Margins, 31 May-2 June 2011, Fairbanks, Alaska: Poster and Presentation Herriott, T.M. and others, 2011, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

   Online Links:

   • <http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29562>

   Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?

   The chemistry of these rocks was determined using Slab XRF petrographic analysis because it is an expedient and cost-effective method of determining the bulk rock composition of fine-grained igneous rocks. The analytical results presented in this report were qualitatively evaluated by DGGS staff for general consistency with the geologic setting. However, significant additional geochemical analysis and geologic study would be required to fully evaluate petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the study area.

2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

   Location data were collected with handheld GPS devices, with location accuracy error typically less than 10 meters.

3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

   This work should be considered reconnaissance in nature. Significant additional geochemical analysis and geologic study would be required to fully evaluate petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the mafic rocks in the Ivishak River area.

5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

   not applicable

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints:

This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below).

Use_Constraints:

Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
   3354 College Road
   Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
   USA
   

   (907)451-5020 (voice)
   (907)451-5050 (FAX)
   dggspubs@alaska.gov
   

   Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays

   Contact_Instructions:

   Please view our website (<http://www.dggs.alaska.gov>) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible.

2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

   RDF 2016-2

3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

   The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.

4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in non-digital form:

     DGGS publications are available as free online downloads or you may purchase paper hard-copies or digital files on CD/DVD or other digital storage media by mail, phone, fax, or email from the DGGS Fairbanks office. To purchase this or other printed reports and maps, contact DGGS by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turnaround time is 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. Shipping charge will be the actual cost of postage and will be added to the total amount due. Contact us for the exact shipping amount.

   • Cost to order the data: Contact DGGS for current pricing

   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	ASCII tabular files
     Network links:	<http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29563>

   • Cost to order the data: Free download

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 08-Feb-2016

Metadata author:

Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
Metadata Manager
3354 College Road
Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
USA

(907)451-5020 (voice)

Metadata standard:

FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)

Metadata extensions used:

• <http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/metadata/dggs.ext>