Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Wallace, K.L. Originator: Cameron, C.E. Originator: Waythomas, C.F. Originator: Perreault, J.M. Publication_Date: 2020 Title: Major-oxide and trace-element geochemical data from the tephra collected on Veniaminof volcano, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report, tables Series_Information: Series_Name: Raw Data File Issue_Identification: RDF 2020-17 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 5 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/30578 Description: Abstract: Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) geologists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) conducted fieldwork at Mount Veniaminof during field excursions between 2001 and 2016. The primary purpose of the fieldwork was geologic investigation of Veniaminof volcano to elucidate its eruptive history and understand its eruptive behavior. Teams of geologists focused on 1) edifice lava flows, 2) flowage deposits (lahars and pyroclastic flows), and 3) tephra-fall deposits. This Raw Data File comprises 61 whole-rock analyses of pumices from Holocene-age tephra deposits collected from 36 field stations on the flanks of Veniaminof volcano in 2001-2004, 2010, and 2016. All but four samples in this report were collected by geologists Kristi Wallace and Chris Waythomas during 1- to 2-week summer fieldwork campaigns. Thomas Miller and Charles Bacon contributed four pumice samples of a young dacite-composition tephra collected in 2001 and 2002. Mount Veniaminof is an ice-clad, basalt-to-dacite stratovolcano topped by an ice-filled caldera 10 km (about 6 mi) in diameter, located 775 km (482 mi) southwest of Anchorage on the Alaska Peninsula. With a volume of approximately 350 km3 (approximately 84 mi3) Veniaminof is one of the largest and most active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc. Two Holocene caldera-forming eruptions are recorded in extensive pyroclastic-flow deposits around the volcano. Veniaminof has had at least 15 eruptions in the past 200 years, all from the approximately 300-m-high (about 984-ft-high) intracaldera cone and all largely basaltic-basaltic andesite composition, producing small lava flows and minor tephra deposits mostly confined to the caldera boundaries. The most recent explosive eruption was in 2018. Geochemical characterization of tephra deposits is most commonly executed by using glass-phase chemistry rather than whole-rock (bulk) geochemistry. The bulk composition of a tephra may change over fallout distance by eolian fractionation and therefore cannot be used to correlate tephra deposits over long distances. Whole-rock composition is commonly used to characterize juvenile material from flowage deposits (lahars and pyroclastic flows) and lavas. In order to readily compare (correlate) juvenile material from proximal tephra-fall deposits with other proximal deposits, tephra whole-rock analysis is required. This Raw Data File is focused only on whole-rock geochemical analyses of significant coarse-grained tephra deposits exposed on the flanks of Veniaminof volcano for use in correlating tephra deposits across the large volcanic edifice, and with proximal flowage deposits and edifice lava flows. Results of glass geochemistry of Veniaminof tephra and all other whole-rock analyses of samples collected is part of an ongoing study and not included in this report. Files can also be downloaded from the DGGS website (http://doi.org/10.14509/30578) and is also available in .html and .csv from the AVO Geochemical Database (https://avo.alaska.edu/geochem). Sample descriptions, locations, and sample types are included in the analytical data table. Samples collected during this project, including hand sample material, remaining powder from these whole-rock analyses, and partially crushed sample remains are stored at the Alaska Geologic Materials Center or at the USGS Alaska Tephra Laboratory in Anchorage. Purpose: Geochemical data from these localities provide insight into the eruptive history and character of volcanic deposits and eruptions throughout Alaska. Supplemental_Information: >geochem-data: Major-oxide XRF and trace-element XRF and ICP-MS analyses of volcanic rocks collected on the surface of Mount Veniaminof. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2001 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2016 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.262190 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -158.840600 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 56.609190 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 56.000660 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Theme_Keyword: Analyses Theme_Keyword: Analyses and Sampling Theme_Keyword: Analytical Lab Results Theme_Keyword: Analytical Results Theme_Keyword: Basalt Theme_Keyword: Chemistry Theme_Keyword: Eolian Theme_Keyword: Geochemical Data Theme_Keyword: Geochemistry Theme_Keyword: Geologic Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Igneous Theme_Keyword: Major Oxides Theme_Keyword: Methods Theme_Keyword: Pumice Theme_Keyword: Pyroclastic Flow Theme_Keyword: Pyroclastics Theme_Keyword: Rocks Theme_Keyword: Sample Location Theme_Keyword: Surface Theme_Keyword: Tephra Theme_Keyword: Trace Elements Theme_Keyword: Volcanic Theme_Keyword: Volcanic Rocks Theme_Keyword: Volcaniclastic Deposits Theme_Keyword: Volcaniclastics Theme_Keyword: Volcanoes Theme_Keyword: Volcanology Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Place_Keyword: Anchorage Place_Keyword: Bearskin Creek Place_Keyword: Blueberry Creek Place_Keyword: Bristol Bay Place_Keyword: Cape Kutuzof Place_Keyword: Crab Glacier Place_Keyword: Finger Glacier Place_Keyword: Fireweed Creek Place_Keyword: Fog Creek Place_Keyword: Fracture Creek Place_Keyword: Harpoon Glacier Place_Keyword: Kametolook River Place_Keyword: Rapid Creek Place_Keyword: Red Bluff Creek Place_Keyword: Rifle Butte Place_Keyword: Slim Glacier Place_Keyword: Unangashak River Place_Keyword: Veniaminof Place_Keyword: West Fork Chignik River Place_Keyword: Wildman Lake Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Walker, J.D., Geissman, J.W., Bowring, S.A, and Babcock, L.E., comp., 2012, Geologic Time Scale v. 4.0: Geological Society of America Temporal_Keyword: Quaternary Access_Constraints: This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below). Use_Constraints: Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our website (https://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. Data_Set_Credit: This project is funded through the USGS Volcano Science Center and these data are published by DGGS with funding provided under USGS Volcano Hazard Program/DGGS cooperative agreement G16AC00165 and G19AC00171. The authors would like to thank USGS geologists Thomas Miller and Charles Bacon for contributing four pumice samples from a young dacite-composition tephra collected in 2001 and 2002. We also thank DGGS geologist Fiona Eberhardt for helping with sample metadata organization. USGS reviewers Matt Loewen, Game McGimsey, and Michael Diggles provided constructive reviews that improved this publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Cameron, C.E. Originator: Mulliken, K.M. Originator: Crass, S.W. Originator: Schaefer, J.R. Originator: Wallace, K.L. Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database, version 2 Series_Information: Series_Name: Digital Data Series Issue_Identification: DDS 8 v. 2 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 22 p Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/30058 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Cameron, C.E. Originator: Snedigar, S.F. Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Alaska Volcano Observatory image database Series_Information: Series_Name: Digital Data Series Issue_Identification: DDS 13 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/29689 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nye, C.J. Originator: Beget, J.E. Originator: Layer, P.W. Originator: Mangan, M.T. Originator: McConnell, V.S. Originator: McGimsey, R.G. Originator: Miller, T.P. Originator: Moore, R.B. Originator: Stelling, P.L. Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Geochemistry of some quaternary lavas from the Aleutian Arc and Mt. Wrangell Series_Information: Series_Name: Raw Data File Issue_Identification: RDF 2018-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 29 p Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/29843 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: This publication is intended for the timely release of raw field and/or analytical data and does not include interpretations (other than brief discussion of geologic context) of the data presented. The analyses reported here represent the same protocols applied by Nye and others (2018). The analytical precision and accuracy are consistent with the overview provided by Nye and others (2018). AVO geochemical analyses were re-calibrated in 2007 so that they are time-consistent, and the analyses reported here are internally consistent with data collected post-2007 (Nye and others, 2018). Logical_Consistency_Report: not applicable Completeness_Report: This data release is complete. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Location data were collected using handheld GPS devices and recorded in field notebooks. Reported accuracy of the GPS readings was not retained, but all locations have been visually examined by the originators for verification. Location data originally utilized the NAD27 datum but all coordinates are converted to NAD83 datum to conform to the AVO geologic database (https://avo.alaska.edu/geochem/). Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Field data collection - Pumice samples were collected from prominent, coarse-grained (greater than or equal to 0.5 cm diameter) tephra-fall deposits and a few pyroclastic flow deposits on the flanks of Mount Veniaminof (fig. 1) during 2001-2004, 2010 and 2016 fieldwork. Sixty-one tephra samples were collected from 36 field stations for whole-rock geochemical analysis. Pumice samples were hand-picked as whole bomb or lapilli clasts from in-situ deposits. Surface float was sampled from the ground surface. Process_Date: 2016 Process_Step: Process_Description: Rock sample analysis - After returning from the field, samples were chipped in the lab to remove surface alteration. After chipping, the samples were cleaned in tap water in an ultrasonic bath until the water remained clear and then dried at 60 degrees C for 48 hours. Samples collected in 2003 and 2004 were submitted together for analysis in 2005, samples collected in 2010 were submitted for analysis in 2012, and samples collected in 2016 were submitted for analysis in 2017. Whole-rock major oxide and trace element analyses were conducted by the Peter Hooper GeoAnalytical lab at Washington State University. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Inductively-Coupled-Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) analyses were collected following the methods of Johnson and others (1999) and Knaack and others (WSU, written commun., 1994). The analyses reported here represent the same protocols applied by Nye and others (2018). The analytical precision and accuracy are consistent with the overview provided by Nye and others (2018). AVO geochemical analyses were re-calibrated in 2007 so that they are time-consistent, and the analyses reported here are internally consistent with data collected post-2007 (Nye and others, 2018). Samples collected in 2010 were submitted only for XRF analysis and therefore do not have accompanying ICPMS data. Process_Date: 2005 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: point Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101000025 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: rdf2020-17-veniaminof-tephra-geochem-data.csv, rdf2020-17-veniaminof-tephra-geochem-data-dictionary.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Major-oxide XRF and trace-element XRF and ICP-MS analyses of volcanic rocks collected on the surface of Mount Veniaminof. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Alaska Volcano Observatory, and University of Alaska Fairbanks, Department of Geosciences Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: geochem-data Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our website (https://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. Resource_Description: RDF 2020-17 Distribution_Liability: The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: DGGS publications are available as free online downloads or you may purchase paper hard-copies or digital files on CD/DVD or other digital storage media by mail, phone, fax, or email from the DGGS Fairbanks office. To purchase this or other printed reports and maps, contact DGGS by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turnaround time is 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. Shipping charge will be the actual cost of postage and will be added to the total amount due. Contact us for the exact shipping amount. Fees: Contact DGGS for current pricing Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: report, tables Format_Version_Date: 20210108 Format_Information_Content: Spreadsheets with sample locations, whole-rock geochemical analyses, and accompanying data dictionary. Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.14509/30578 Fees: Free download Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210109 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Person: Simone Montayne Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Use_Constraints: If the user has modified the data in any way they are obligated to describe the types of modifications they have performed in the supporting metadata file. User specifically agrees not to imply that changes they made were approved by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources or Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: https://dggs.alaska.gov/metadata/dggs.ext Profile_Name: dggs metadata extensions