Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Tsunami inundation maps for the city of Sand Point, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report and digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2017-3 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 61 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:15,000 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/29706 Description: Abstract: Staff from Alaska Earthquake Center, Geophysical Institute and Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys evaluated potential tsunami hazards for the city of Sand Point, on Popof Island in the Shumagin Islands archipelago. We numerically modeled the extent of inundation from tsunami waves generated by local and distant earthquake sources. We considered the results in light of historical observations. The worst-case scenarios are defined by analyzing results of the sensitivity study of the tsunami dynamics with respect to different slip distributions along the Aleutian megathrust. For the Sand Point area, the worst-case scenarios are thought to be thrust earthquakes in the Shumagin Islands region with magnitudes ranging from Mw 8.8 to Mw 9.0. We additionally consider a Mw 9.0 rupture between Shumagin Islands and Kodiak Island, a Mw 9.0 rupture of the Cascadia subduction zone, and a Mw 8.6 outer-rise rupture in the area of the Shumagin Islands. Conducted numerical experiments reveal that a tsunami might start to arrive to Sand Point in about 15 minutes after the earthquake with a strong positive wave reaching in 1 hour the height of 7-8 m (23-26 ft) with respect to the pre-earthquake sea level. Consecutive waves might have the same of height or even be higher. The highest predicted wave height is 12-14 m (39-46 ft); a vertical difference between the trough and crest could be as much as 16 m (53 ft) and a time period between the water withdrawal and runup could be as short as 15 minutes. At least three devastating waves can reach the community in the first 2.5 hours after the earthquake. The first wave may not be the highest; the later waves might be more damaging and produce larger inundation. Results from the numerical modeling are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies in tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education to mitigate future tsunami hazards. Users can access the complete report and digital data from the DGGS website: http://doi.org/10.14509/29706. Purpose: Results presented here are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies in tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education to mitigate future tsunami hazards. Supplemental_Information: >border: Outline of the study area. >max-flow-depth: Raster image depicting maximum composite flow depths over dry land. Pixel values provide the modeled depth (in meters) of maximum inundation. For each grid point, the pixel value provides the modeled depth of water (in meters) over previously dry land, representing the maximum depth value of all calculated tsunami scenarios. >max-tectonic-inundation: Estimated, "maximum credible scenario" inundation line(s) that encompasses the maximum extent of flooding based on model simulation of all credible source scenarios and historical observations. The maximum credible scenario inundation lines are intended to be utilized as a basis for local tsunami hazard planning and development of evacuation maps. >scenarios: Collection of shapefiles that depict the modeled potential maximum inundation by tectonic waves for each modeled scenario. Detailed information about each scenario can be found in the accompanying report. >time-series-points: To help emergency management personnel assess tsunami hazards, we supplement the inundation maps with the time series plots of the modeled water level and velocity dynamics at some on-land and some offshore locations in the communities. The plots are provided in the appendices of the report. These shapefiles provide the location of each time series point. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2013 Ending_Date: 2017 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.551594 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.462593 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 55.370603 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 55.276042 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Theme_Keyword: Active Fault Theme_Keyword: Alaska Earthquake 1964 Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry Theme_Keyword: Coastal Theme_Keyword: Coastal and River Theme_Keyword: Earthquake Theme_Keyword: Emergency Preparedness Theme_Keyword: Engineering Theme_Keyword: Engineering Geology Theme_Keyword: Fault Displacement Theme_Keyword: Faulting Theme_Keyword: Faults Theme_Keyword: Flood Theme_Keyword: Geologic Hazards Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Hazards Theme_Keyword: Inundation Theme_Keyword: Land Subsidence Theme_Keyword: Modeling Theme_Keyword: Raster Image Theme_Keyword: Seismic Gap Theme_Keyword: Seismic Hazards Theme_Keyword: Seismology Theme_Keyword: Surface Theme_Keyword: Topography Theme_Keyword: Tsunami Theme_Keyword: Water Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Place_Keyword: Aleutian Islands Place_Keyword: Humboldt Harbor Place_Keyword: Popof Island Place_Keyword: Sand Point Place_Keyword: Shumagin Islands Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Walker, J.D., Geissman, J.W., Bowring, S.A, and Babcock, L.E., comp., 2012, Geologic Time Scale v. 4.0: Geological Society of America Temporal_Keyword: Holocene Access_Constraints: This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below). Use_Constraints: This dataset includes results of numerical modeling of earthquake-generated tsunami waves for a specific community. Modeling was completed using the best information and tsunami modeling software available at the time of analysis. They are numerical solutions and, while they are believed to be accurate, their ultimate accuracy during an actual tsunami will depend on the specifics of earth deformations, on-land construction, tide level, and other parameters at the time of the tsunami. Actual areas of inundation may differ from areas shown in this dataset. Landslide tsunami sources may not be included in the modeling due to unknown potential impact of such events on a given community; please refer to accompanying report for more information on tsunami sources used for this study. The limits of inundation shown should only be used as a general guideline for emergency planning and response action in the event of a major tsunamigenic earthquake. These results are not intended for any other use, including land-use regulation or actuarial purposes. Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Data_Set_Credit: This project was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under Reimbursable Services Agreement ADN 0931000 with the State of Alaska's Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (a division of the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs). Some of the research in this publication is sponsored by the Cooperative Institute for Alaska Research with funds from NOAA under cooperative agreement NA08OAR4320751 with the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Numerical calculations for this work were supported by a grant of High Performance Computing (HPC) resources from the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center (ARSC) at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. We thank Zebulon Maharrey for his help with the RTK GPS survey in Sand Point. We also express our gratitude to Douglas Christensen, Michael West, and Natasha Ruppert for their help in assessing potential earthquakes along the Alaska Peninsula and the Aleutian Islands, and for sharing the data with us. Rob Witter provided valuable contributions to discussions on subduction-type tsunamigenic earthquakes along the Shumagin Islands. Reviews by Jason Patton and an anonymous reviewer improved the report and maps. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Combellick, R.A. Originator: Hansen, R.A. Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Tsunami inundation maps of Whittier and western Passage Canal, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2011-7 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 65 p., 4 sheets Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/23244 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Freymueller, J.T. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Tsunami inundation maps of Fox Islands communities, including Dutch Harbor and Akutan, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2015-5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 67 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:12,500 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/29414 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Haeussler, P.J. Originator: Ryan, H.F. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Originator: Combellick, R.A. Originator: Hansen, R.A. Publication_Date: 2013 Title: Tsunami inundation maps of Port Valdez, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2013-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 77 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:12,500 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/25055 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Tsunami inundation maps of Cordova and Tatitlek, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2014-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 49 p., 2 sheets Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/27241 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Tsunami inundation maps for the communities of Chignik and Chignik Lagoon, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2016-8 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 48 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:12,500 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/29675 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Hansen, R.A. Originator: Combellick, R.A. Originator: Carver, G.A. Publication_Date: 2002 Title: Tsunami hazard maps of the Kodiak area, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2002-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 16 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:12,500 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/2860 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Publication_Date: 2013 Title: Tsunami inundation maps of Sitka, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2013-3 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 76 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:12,500 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/26671 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Tsunami inundation maps of Elfin Cove, Gustavus, and Hoonah, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2015-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 79 p., 3 sheets Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/29404 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: Koehler, R.D. Originator: Freymueller, J.T. Originator: Macpherson, A.E. Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Tsunami inundation maps for King Cove and Cold Bay communities, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2016-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 73 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:12,500 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/29565 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Suleimani, E.N. Originator: Nicolsky, D.J. Originator: West, D.A. Originator: Combellick, R.A. Originator: Hansen, R.A. Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Tsunami inundation maps of Seward and northern Resurrection Bay, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2010-1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 47 p., 3 sheets, scale 1:12,500 Online_Linkage: http://doi.org/10.14509/21001 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The maps showing the results of our modeling have been completed using the best information available and are believed to be accurate, however, their preparation required many assumptions. We described several scenarios and provide an estimate of maximum credible tsunami inundation. Actual conditions during a tsunami event may vary from those considered, so the accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The limits of inundation shown should be used only as a guideline for emergency planning and response action. Actual areas inundated will depend on specifics of the earth deformations, on-land construction, and tide level, and they may differ from areas shown on the map. The information on this map is intended to provide a basis for state and local agencies to plan emergency evacuation and tsunami response actions in the event of a major tsunamigenic earthquake. These results are not intended for land-use regulation or building-code development. This DGGS Report of Investigations is a final report of scientific research. Several scientists familiar with the subject matter provided technical reviews. Uncertainties associated with the depiction or interpretation of various features are discussed in the manuscript. Logical_Consistency_Report: Model validation for this report included comparison of the modeled results to observations that were recorded during historic events. Completeness_Report: The results of our modeling have been completed using the best information available and are believed to be accurate; however, their preparation required many assumptions and actual conditions during a tsunami event may vary from those considered. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The hydrodynamic model used to calculate propagation and runup of tsunami waves is a nonlinear, flux-formulated, shallow-water model that has passed the validation and verification tests required for models used in production of tsunami inundation maps. The uncertainties in tsunami modeling include bottom friction, presence or absence of buildings and vegetation in DEMs, the time delay between the observed and computed tsunami arrivals discussed above, the lack of horizontal deformation in the displacement models, and assumption of instantaneous displacement. The tsunami scenarios that we calculate in this report are considered to be sufficient to capture the worst-case tsunami event, but there are still an infinite number of possible slip distributions. Further details about the limitations of the employed modeling approach are described in earlier reports by Suleimani and others and Nicolsky and others, as well as in National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program guidelines. The accuracy of the later waves is limited by the accuracies of the bathymetry and coastline that are outside the extent of the high-resolution DEM but still impact the modeling. See accompanying report for more detail. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The vertical accuracy of the inundation modeling is dependent on the accuracy and resolution of the digital elevation models (DEMs) and tidal datum values that were used to compile the computational grid. We provide additional details about DEM and grid development in the accompanying report. Prior to scenario modeling, bathymetric data were shifted to use Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) as the vertical datum. The depths of inundation shown should be used only as a guideline for emergency planning and response action. Actual inundation water depth will depend on specifics of the earth deformations, on-land construction, and tide level, and they may differ from areas shown by this data. The information is intended to permit state and local agencies to plan emergency evacuation and tsunami response actions in the event of a major tsunamigenic earthquake. These results are not intended for land-use regulation or building-code development. For additional information please reference the sources of errors and uncertainties section of the associated manuscript. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Development of nested grids - To support inundation modeling of coastal areas in Alaska, we used a series of nested telescoping grids, or digital elevation models (DEMs), as input layers for tsunami inundation modeling and mapping. These grids of increasing resolution allowed us to propagate waves generated by various sources to Sand Point. In order to propagate a wave from its source to various coastal locations, we used embedded grids, placing a large, coarse grid in deep water and coupling it with smaller, finer grids in shallow water areas. Because the high-resolution topography in the NOAA DEMs can have large vertical errors near the shoreline, prediction of potential tsunami inundation using only this data can be inaccurate. Hence, this topographic dataset is augmented with a real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS survey in the harbor areas and along nearshore areas in Sand Point. The survey in Sand Point was conducted September 7-9, 2011. The extent of each grid used for our tsunami inundation mapping is listed in the accompanying report. See Methodology and Data section of the accompanying report for more detail and additional grid development source information. Process_Date: 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: Model validation - The numerical model that we used for simulation of tsunami wave propagation and runup was validated through a set of analytical benchmarks and tested against laboratory data. The model solves water equations using a finite-difference method on a staggered grid. See the accompanying report for more detail and additional model information. Process_Date: 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: Model verification - To estimate tsunami propagation and runup in the Sand Point area, we verified our model against the observed tsunami generated by the March 11, 2011, Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake in Japan. Process_Date: 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: Numerical simulations of hypothetical tsunami scenarios - We assessed hazard related to tectonic tsunamis in Sand Point by performing model simulations for each hypothetical source scenario. Numerical results for each scenario include extent of inundation, sea level and velocity time series calculations, tsunami flow depth over land, and the maximum water level above the MHHW tide level offshore and within the potential inundation area. We create raster files of model results. For each grid point, the pixel value provides the modeled depth of water (in meters). See the accompanying report for more detail and additional information. Process_Date: 2016 Process_Step: Process_Description: Calculation of the potential inundation lines - For each grid cell in the high-resolution DEMs Sand Point, we determined whether the cell was inundated by waves or stayed dry throughout the entire simulation. Then, we defined a function such that it is equal to one at the center of each wet cell and is negative one at the center of each dry cell. Using a linear interpolation algorithm in Matlab, we plotted a zero-value contour that delineates dry and wet cells from each other. The resultant contour line (or a collection of lines) was directly exported to the ArcGIS using WGS84 datum. Process_Date: 2016 Process_Step: Process_Description: Compilation of composite maximum inundation zone, flow depths over land, and water level above the MHHW tide level offshore and within the potential inundation area - We interpret the maximum, geologically credible, worst case scenario by combining the maximum calculated inundation of all scenarios. See the accompanying report for more detail and additional information. Process_Date: 2016 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: .000001 Longitude_Resolution: .000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563000025 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: Mean Higher High Water Depth_Resolution: 1 Depth_Distance_Units: meter Depth_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: border Entity_Type_Label: ri2017-3-border.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Outline of the study area. File format: shapefile Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Earthquake Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: max-flow-depth Entity_Type_Label: ri2017-3-max-flow-depth-sand-point.tif Entity_Type_Definition: Raster image depicting maximum composite flow depths over dry land. Pixel values provide the modeled depth (in meters) of maximum inundation. For each grid point, the pixel value provides the modeled depth of water (in meters) over previously dry land, representing the maximum depth value of all calculated tsunami scenarios. File format: GeoTIFF Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Earthquake Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, this report Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: max-tectonic-inundation Entity_Type_Label: ri2017-3-max-tectonic-inundation-sand-point.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Estimated, "maximum credible scenario" inundation line(s) that encompasses the maximum extent of flooding based on model simulation of all credible source scenarios and historical observations. The maximum credible scenario inundation lines are intended to be utilized as a basis for local tsunami hazard planning and development of evacuation maps. File format: shapefile Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Earthquake Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, this report Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: scenarios Entity_Type_Label: ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-01.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-02.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-03.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-04.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-05.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-06.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-07.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-08.shp, ri2017-3-scenarios-sand-point-09.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Collection of shapefiles that depict the modeled potential maximum inundation by tectonic waves for each modeled scenario. Detailed information about each scenario can be found in the accompanying report. File format: shapefile Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Earthquake Information Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, this report Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: time-series-points Entity_Type_Label: ri2017-3-time-series-points-sand-point.shp Entity_Type_Definition: To help emergency management personnel assess tsunami hazards, we supplement the inundation maps with the time series plots of the modeled water level and velocity dynamics at some on-land and some offshore locations in the communities. The plots are provided in the appendices of the report. These shapefiles provide the location of each time series point. File format: shapefile Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Earthquake Center, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, this report Attribute: Attribute_Label: Number Attribute_Definition: Numbers correspond to labeled points and graphs shown in the accompanying report. Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Figures A-2 through A-4 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Label Attribute_Definition: Values correspond to graphs shown in the accompanying report. Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Figures A-1 and A-2 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Resource_Description: RI 2017-3 Distribution_Liability: The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: DGGS publications are available as free online downloads or you may purchase paper hard-copies or digital files on CD/DVD or other digital storage media by mail, phone, fax, or email from the DGGS Fairbanks office. To purchase this or other printed reports and maps, contact DGGS by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turnaround time is 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. 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User specifically agrees not to imply that changes they made were approved by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources or Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/metadata/dggs.ext Profile_Name: dggs metadata extensions