Geologic Database of Information on Volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA)

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Frequently anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title:
Geologic Database of Information on Volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA)
Abstract:
Geologic Database of Information on Volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA), Digital Data Series 20, is the enterprize database that serves as the back-end to AVO's public and internal websites. GeoDIVA is constructed as a comprehensive and accurate source of information for volcanoes and volcanic products in Alaska, younger than 2.6 million years. This database supports AVO's primary objectives to monitor volcanoes, assess volcanic hazards in Alaska, and provide timely and accurate information on volcanic hazards and warnings of impending dangerous volcanic activity to local, state, and federal officials and the public. Much of the information stored in GeoDIVA is viewable through AVO's public website, with search interfaces for specific data modules. These modules include basic volcano information for more than 140 volcanoes in Alaska and more than 1,000 vents, detailed queryable information on more than 1,000 eruption and unrest events, petrography, images, operational observations, and station and sample metadata (31,000+ samples), including age information, geochemistry, and registration of published geologic stations and samples with International GeoSample Numbers (IGSN). GeoDIVA also stores information regarding the physical form, size, and storage location of samples collected or held by AVO at the Geologic Materials Center or other locations (currently about 33,000 separate pieces of samples). All pieces of published information in GeoDIVA are tied to a reference; the bibliography currently holds more than 5,400 references. In addition, GeoDIVA data contain foreign keys to national and global volcanic databases, including IGSNs for published stations and samples and Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program vnums for volcanoes. The database is actively updated as new information becomes available or published; errors are actively corrected. Consequently, products developed from the database may change over time as information and data are updated. DGGS encourages public members to contact DGGS' Volcanology Section staff to discuss potential changes to the data or resolve errors in our derivative products. Much of GeoDIVA can be viewed from AVO's public website via search interfaces for specific modules: https://doi.org/10.14509/geodiva. See the DGGS citation page for the preferred citation and additional information http://doi.org/10.14509/30901.
Supplemental_Information:
eruptions and unrest:    Descriptions and references for eruptions and volcanic unrest in Alaska, 2.6 million years through the present.	
geochemical database:    Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database.	
historically active volcanoes:    Historically active volcanoes of Alaska.	
image database:    Alaska Volcano Observatory image database.	
in situ point data:    In situ glass and mineral analyses. This module is in development.	
petrography:    Petrographic observations including descriptions, minerals, images, textures, and modes. This module is in development.	
references:    Bibliography of all references containing information on Quaternary volcanoes in Alaska or volcanic products sourced from young Alaska eruptions. All information in GeoDIVA is linked to at least one reference.	
station and sample metadata:    Metadata for geologic stations and samples of Quaternary and younger volcanic products in or sourced from Alaska, including where the sample is physically stored and its analyses, images, and references. This module is designed to include metadata specific for gas and water samples as well as traditional geologic samples, and will also include IGSN numbers for all stations and samples with stored physical material.	
stratigraphy:    Stratigraphic observations including descriptions, images, and lithologic interval measurements. This module is in development.	
tephra metadata:    Metadata for tephra samples, including tephra name, age, and physical characteristics.	
volcano metadata:    Basic metadata for all Quaternary and younger volcanoes in Alaska.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Cameron, C.E., Crass, S.W., and Staff, AVO, 2022, Geologic Database of Information on Volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA): Digital Data Series DDS 20, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -180
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -130.33
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.9
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 51
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 2002
    Ending_Date: 2022
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital, data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a point data set.
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      The horizontal datum used is NAD83.
      The ellipsoid used is GRS 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    eruptions and unrest
    Descriptions and references for eruptions and volcanic unrest in Alaska, 2.6 million years through the present. (Source: AVO Staff and original published data sources)
    geochemical database
    Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database. (Source: Cameron, C.E., Mulliken, K.M., Crass, S.W., Schaefer, J.R., and Wallace, K.L., 2019, Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database, version 2: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Digital Data Series 8 v. 2, 22 p., https://www.avo.alaska.edu/geochem/. https://doi.org/10.14509/30058)
    historically active volcanoes
    Historically active volcanoes of Alaska. (Source: Cameron, C.E., and Schaefer, J.R., 2016, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Digital Data Series 6, http://doi.org/10.14509/historically_active_volcanoes. https://doi.org/10.14509/27061)
    image database
    Alaska Volcano Observatory image database. (Source: Cameron, C.E., and Snedigar, S.F., 2016, Alaska Volcano Observatory image database: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Digital Data Series 13, https://www.avo.alaska.edu/images/. https://doi.org/10.14509/29689)
    in situ point data
    In situ glass and mineral analyses. This module is in development. (Source: AVO Staff)
    petrography
    Petrographic observations including descriptions, minerals, images, textures, and modes. This module is in development. (Source: AVO Staff)
    references
    Bibliography of all references containing information on Quaternary volcanoes in Alaska or volcanic products sourced from young Alaska eruptions. All information in GeoDIVA is linked to at least one reference. (Source: AVO Staff and original published data sources)
    station and sample metadata
    Metadata for geologic stations and samples of Quaternary and younger volcanic products in or sourced from Alaska, including where the sample is physically stored and its analyses, images, and references. This module is designed to include metadata specific for gas and water samples as well as traditional geologic samples, and will also include IGSN numbers for all stations and samples with stored physical material. (Source: AVO Staff and original published data sources)
    stratigraphy
    Stratigraphic observations including descriptions, images, and lithologic interval measurements. This module is in development. (Source: AVO Staff)
    tephra metadata
    Metadata for tephra samples, including tephra name, age, and physical characteristics. (Source: AVO Staff and original published data sources)
    volcano metadata
    Basic metadata for all Quaternary and younger volcanoes in Alaska. (Source: AVO Staff and original published data sources)

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    The Alaska Volcano Observatory is a joint program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the State of Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The data compilation and database development is based upon work by Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys staff and supported by the U.S. Geological Survey under Grant No. G22AC00137. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Geological Survey. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    GIS Manager
    3354 College Rd
    Fairbanks, AK
    USA

    907-451-5020 (voice)
    dggsgis@alaska.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays

Why was the data set created?

In May 2002, the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) formally began creating a database system for information on Pleistocene and younger (last 2.6 million years) volcanoes in Alaska. This database, called GeoDIVA (Geologic Database of Information on Volcanoes in Alaska), assists AVO with crisis response, volcano investigations, and scientific studies. In addition, it informs the general public about Alaska's volcanism and volcanic products. This database is also the back-end to AVO's public website (http://www.avo.alaska.edu) and is a timely and authoritative source for information on Alaska volcanoes.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Nye, C.J. and others, 2018 (source 1 of 1)
    Nye, C.J., Beget, J.E., Layer, P.W., Mangan, M.T., McConnell, V.S., McGimsey, R.G., Miller, T.P., Moore, R.B., and Stelling, P.L., 2018, Geochemistry of some quaternary lavas from the Aleutian Arc and Mt. Wrangell: Raw Data File RDF 2018-1, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 29 p
    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: whole-rock calibration correction
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2022 (process 1 of 2)
    Data compilation - DGGS and AVO staff continually generate and compile information related to Alaska volcanism and upload it to GeoDIVA, including new eruptions or unrest, publications, internal observations, geologic station and sample metadata, geochemical analyses, images, video clips, petrographic data, and references. Current expansion efforts include point geochemical analyses, stratigraphic layer information, radiocarbon analysis metadata, and water and gas sampling metadata.
    Date: 2018 (process 2 of 2)
    Whole-rock calibration correction - We adjusted the results for nearly all whole-rock samples analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry at Washington State University before 2007, correcting calibration errors in the original data reports. Consequently, trace element data in a publication may differ from trace element data stored in the database. The recalibrated values are the most accurate values (Nye and others, 2018). Data sources used in this process:
    • Nye, C.J. and others, 2018
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Cameron, C.E., Mulliken, K.M., Crass, S.W., Schaefer, J.R., and Wallace, K.L., 2019, Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database, version 2: Digital Data Series DDS 8 v. 2, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 22 p
    Cameron, C.E., and Schaefer, J.R., 2016, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Digital Data Series DDS 6, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Cameron, C.E., and Snedigar, S.F., 2016, Alaska Volcano Observatory image database: Digital Data Series DDS 13, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Mulliken, K.M., Schaefer, J.R., and Cameron, C.E., 2018, Geospatial distribution of tephra fall in Alaska: a geodatabase compilation of published tephra fall occurrences from the Pleistocene to the present: Miscellaneous Publication MP 164, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 46 p
    Worden, A.K., Schaefer, J.R., and Mulliken, K.M., 2018, Tephra occurrence in Alaska: a map-based compilation of stratigraphic tephra data: Miscellaneous Publication MP 165, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 19 p

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    This database contains sample and analytical data from various sources, with different methods, analytes, standards, and precisions. These data span several decades and different fields of research. Metadata completeness associated with stations, samples, and analyses in the database varies between publications and datasets. Obvious typographical errors in the original publication (e.g., Ti2O instead of TiO2; an analysis missing a common element but having a duplicate of another; misplaced decimal points, etc.) have been corrected at the time of database entry. Less decipherable errors (such as improbable values) have been entered as is, often flagged in a 'Comments' field. Because of the nature of spreadsheets and database field formats, analytical values with trailing zeros have been truncated and are not stored in the database. Users should consult the original publication for trailing zero information if they wish. We encourage users to reference the originating data sources when using the database output for purposes other than graphical displays or general information queries. In general, information in GeoDIVA is subject to change as needed to provide users with the most up-to-date and accurate information. We also encourage users to contact DGGS-AVO staff with questions or data updates.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Location data are generally from published reports and maps and have variable accuracy and precision. These data as a whole are intended to be utilized at a statewide or generalized regional scale. The geographic extent of each data point varies by feature. Users must recognize the source data's intended scale and its location accuracy limitations. We encourage users to reference the originating data sources when using the database output for purposes other than graphical displays.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    AVO anticipates ongoing development of additional modules and data navigation products from the database. Data will be updated continually and revised as needed.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    not applicable

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints:
This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below).
Use_Constraints:
Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    3354 College Road
    Fairbanks, AK
    USA

    907-451-5020 (voice)
    907-451-5050 (FAX)
    dggspubs@alaska.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
    Contact_Instructions:
    Please view our website (http://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible.
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? DDS 20
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties of merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, function, or capabilities of the electronic services or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity, whether from the use of the electronic services or products, any failure thereof, or otherwise, and in no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 26-Sep-2022
Metadata author:
Simone Montayne
3354 College Road
Fairbanks, AK
USA

907-451-5020 (voice)
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:

Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Mon Oct 03 16:23:17 2022