Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Harun, N.T. Originator: Wartes, M.A. Publication_Date: 2020 Title: Preliminary characterization of two coals from the upper Prince Creek Formation, Sagwon Bluffs, North Slope, Alaska Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report, tables Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2020-4 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 13 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/30556 Description: Abstract: In July of 2018, the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) studied and sampled the coal beds within the upper section of the Prince Creek Formation at Sagwon Bluffs. Sagwon Bluffs lies 55 miles south of Deadhorse (Prudhoe Bay), Alaska, and approximately one mile east of the Dalton Highway, on the west side of the Sagavanirktok River. At Sagwon Bluffs, Upper Cretaceous to Paleocene rocks of the Prince Creek and Sagavanirktok Formations are exposed. The upper Prince Creek Formation at this location contains several distinct coal seams interbedded with fine-grained fluvial sandstone. A lower coal seam and an upper seam were channel sampled for this study. This Preliminary Interpretive Report presents results from coal quality (proximate and ultimate analysis), Rock-Eval, vitrinite reflectance, and kerogen microscopy analyses. Users can access the complete report and digital data from the DGGS website: http://doi.org/10.14509/30556. Purpose: This Preliminary Interpretive Report presents results from coal quality (proximate and ultimate analysis), Rock-Eval, vitrinite reflectance, and kerogen microscopy analyses. Supplemental_Information: >coal-quality: proximate and ultimate coal quality analyses, heating value and coal rank >rock-eval: Rock-Eval, vitrinite reflectance (Ro), and total organic carbon (TOC) Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2018 Ending_Date: 2020 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -148.66775 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -148.66076 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 69.40527 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 69.4025 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Theme_Keyword: Analyses Theme_Keyword: Analyses and Sampling Theme_Keyword: Analytical Lab Results Theme_Keyword: Analytical Results Theme_Keyword: Bedrock Theme_Keyword: Bedrock Geology Theme_Keyword: Bentonite Theme_Keyword: Coal Theme_Keyword: Coal Quality Theme_Keyword: Energy Theme_Keyword: Energy Resources Theme_Keyword: Exploration Theme_Keyword: Gas Basins Theme_Keyword: Geochemistry Theme_Keyword: Geologic Theme_Keyword: Geology Theme_Keyword: Hydrocarbon Theme_Keyword: Kerogen Theme_Keyword: Mudstone Theme_Keyword: Nonmarine Theme_Keyword: Proximate Analyses Theme_Keyword: Pyrolysis Theme_Keyword: Resource Assessment Theme_Keyword: Resource Information Theme_Keyword: Resources Theme_Keyword: Rock-Eval Pyrolysis Theme_Keyword: Rocks Theme_Keyword: Sample Location Theme_Keyword: Sandstone Theme_Keyword: Sedimentary Theme_Keyword: Stratigraphy Theme_Keyword: Subbituminous Theme_Keyword: Ultimate Analyses Theme_Keyword: Vitrinite Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Place_Keyword: Prince Creek Place_Keyword: Sagavanirktok River Place_Keyword: Sagwon Bluffs Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Stratum_Keyword: Prince Creek Formation Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Walker, J.D., Geissman, J.W., Bowring, S.A, and Babcock, L.E., comp., 2012, Geologic Time Scale v. 4.0: Geological Society of America Temporal_Keyword: Cretaceous Temporal_Keyword: Paleocene Access_Constraints: This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below). Use_Constraints: Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Data_Set_Credit: The authors gratefully acknowledge Joe East and the funding and support of the National Coal Data System of the United States Geological Survey. We thank David LePain for reviewing this report. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Flaig, P.P. Originator: van der Kolk, D.A. Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Depositional environments of the Prince Creek Formation along the east side of the Toolik River, Sagavanirktok Quadrangle, North Slope, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2015-4 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 17 p., 1 sheet Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/29407 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Gillis, R.J. Originator: Decker, P.L. Originator: Wartes, M.A. Originator: Loveland, A.M. Originator: Hubbard, T.D. Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Geologic map of the south-central Sagavanirktok Quadrangle, North Slope, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2014-4 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, Alaska, United States Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 24 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/29138 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: This publication has undergone limited peer review but does not necessarily conform to DGGS editorial standards. Interpretations or conclusions contained in this publication are subject to change. The data presented for this release summarize laboratory findings. The data deliverables are available on request. Users will need to contact the originating laboratory for additional detail regarding laboratory procedures and measurement precision. Logical_Consistency_Report: not applicable Completeness_Report: This data release is complete. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Sample locations were collected using hand-held GPS units. Uncertainty associated with the location coordinates is in the range of 1-10 meters. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Sample collection - Two coal seams were sampled in the upper Prince Creek Formation at Sagwon Bluffs. The lower coal (18NH008-2) is a one-meter-thick seam consisting of black vitreous coal layers and thin splits of carbonaceous mudstone. The upper coal (18MAW003) seam is approximately 50 m up-section from the lower seam, where it is exposed along several spines below the gravel cliff of the Sagavanirktok Formation. The upper coal seam forms a conspicuous black band above an olive-green weathering granule-bearing sandstone in the upper Prince Creek Formation. This 1.5 m-thick seam has a relatively high ash content, but includes locally developed vitreous laminae of pure coal. Process_Date: 2018 Process_Step: Process_Description: Proximate and Ultimate analyses - Geochemical Testing (2005 N. Center Avenue, Somerset, PA) conducted Proximate and Ultimate analyses following the American Society for Testing and Materials standards for coal analyses (ASTM, 2002). Process_Date: 2018 Process_Step: Process_Description: Rock-Eval, vitrinite reflectance, and TOC - Weatherford Laboratories (Houston, Texas) analyzed samples for Rock-Eval pyrolysis. Weatherford analyzed a total of 96 subsamples for vitrinite reflectance (Ro) values as well as visual identification and reflection of specific maceral types in these coals; 48 subsamples were taken from 18NH008-2 and 48 subsamples from 18MAW003. The hydrous pyrolysis samples from each seam have not been submitted for analysis. Process_Date: 2018 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: point Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.00001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.00001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101000025 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: pir2020-4-coal-quality.csv, pir2020-4-coal-quality-data-dictionary.csv Entity_Type_Definition: proximate and ultimate coal quality analyses, heating value and coal rank Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Geochemical Testing (2005 N. Center Avenue, Somerset, PA) Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: coal-quality Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample_id Attribute_Definition: sample identifier assigned by the person who collected the sample Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Station_id Attribute_Definition: field station identifier assigned by the person who collected the sample Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Collector Attribute_Definition: sample collector Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: date data collected Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: datetime Attribute: Attribute_Label: Analysis_date Attribute_Definition: date data analyzed in lab Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: datetime Attribute: Attribute_Label: Unit Attribute_Definition: geologic rock unit Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Location Attribute_Definition: field station location name Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude_NAD83 Attribute_Definition: latitude coordinate, NAD83 Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude_NAD83 Attribute_Definition: longitude coordinate, NAD83 Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lithology Attribute_Definition: sample lithology Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Description Attribute_Definition: sample description Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Proximate_Moisture Attribute_Definition: measured percent of sample containing moisture, measured by the weight difference before and after heating the sample above the boiling point of water Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Proximate_Ash Attribute_Definition: measured percent of inorganic residue after combustion Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Proximate_Volatile_Matter Attribute_Definition: measured percent of combustible material Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Proximate_Fixed_Carbon Attribute_Definition: measured percent of carbon remaining in sample after combustion Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Proximate_Volatile_Matter_dryashfree Attribute_Definition: measured sample percent combustible material excludes all moisture and ash Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Proximate_Fixed_Carbon _dryashfree Attribute_Definition: measured percent of carbon remaining in sample after combustion, excludes all moisture and ash Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ultimate_Hydrogen Attribute_Definition: measured weight percent hydrogen Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ultimate_Carbon Attribute_Definition: measured weight percent of carbon Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ultimate_Nitrogen Attribute_Definition: measured weight percent of nitrogen Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ultimate_Sulfur Attribute_Definition: measured weight percent of sulfur Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ultimate_Oxygen Attribute_Definition: total oxygen in weight percent as calculated as the remaining major elemental value from subtraction of the other major elements and ash Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ultimate_Ash Attribute_Definition: measured amount of noncombustible material in sample Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Pyritic_Sulfur Attribute_Definition: measured weight percent of pyritic sulfur in the sample Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Organic_Sulfur Attribute_Definition: measured weight percent of organic sulfur in the coal matrix as calculated by the difference in total sulfur minus elemental and inorganic sulfur Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Equilibrium_Moisture Attribute_Definition: calculated coal sample moisture level at equilibrium moisture conditions in accordance with ASTM method D1412 Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Heating_Value_BTUperlb Attribute_Definition: caloric value of coal is a measure of energy produced from the coal, BTU Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Coal_Rank Attribute_Definition: coal rank differentiating the stages of coalification Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: pir2020-4-rock-eval.csv, pir2020-4-rock-eval-data-dictionary.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Rock-Eval, vitrinite reflectance (Ro), and total organic carbon (TOC) Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Weatherford Laboratories (Houston, Texas) Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: rock-eval Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample_id Attribute_Definition: sample identifier assigned by the person who collected the sample Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Station_id Attribute_Definition: field station identifier assigned by the person who collected the sample Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Collector Attribute_Definition: sample collector Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: date data collected Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: timedate Attribute: Attribute_Label: Analysis_date Attribute_Definition: date data analyzed in lab Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: timedate Attribute: Attribute_Label: Unit Attribute_Definition: geologic rock unit Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Location Attribute_Definition: field station location name Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude_NAD83 Attribute_Definition: latitude coordinate, NAD83 Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude_NAD83 Attribute_Definition: longitude coordinate, NAD83 Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lithology Attribute_Definition: sample lithology Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Description Attribute_Definition: sample description Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: string Attribute: Attribute_Label: TOC Attribute_Definition: total organic carbon Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: S1 Attribute_Definition: the amount of free hydrocarbons in the sample (mg of hydrocarbon per gram of rock) Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: S2 Attribute_Definition: the amount of hydrocarbons that are produced through the thermal cracking process. An indicator of generation potential (mg of hydrocarbon per gram of rock) Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: S3 Attribute_Definition: the amount of CO2  produced during pyrolysis of kerogen. (in milligrams CO2 per gram of rock) Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: TmaxC Attribute_Definition: the temperature during pyrolysis where maximum hydrocarbons are released, Celsius Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ro Attribute_Definition: vitrinite reflectance Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: HI Attribute_Definition: hydrogen index (HI = [100 x S2]/TOC). HI is used to define the origin of organic matter Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: OI Attribute_Definition: oxygen index (OI = [100 x S3]/TOC) Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: S2perS3 Attribute_Definition: S2/S3 Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: S1perTOCX100 Attribute_Definition: S1/TOC Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: PI Attribute_Definition: production index used to determine the maturity of the organic matter. (PI = S1/[S1 + S2]) Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ro_mean Attribute_Definition: mean vitrinite reflectance Attribute_Definition_Source: this report Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: float Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Resource_Description: PIR 2020-4 Distribution_Liability: The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: DGGS publications are available as free online downloads or you may purchase paper hard-copies or digital files on CD/DVD or other digital storage media by mail, phone, fax, or email from the DGGS Fairbanks office. To purchase this or other printed reports and maps, contact DGGS by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turnaround time is 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. Shipping charge will be the actual cost of postage and will be added to the total amount due. Contact us for the exact shipping amount. Fees: Contact DGGS for current pricing Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: report, tables Format_Version_Date: 20201105 Format_Information_Content: coal quality, Rock-Eval, vitrinite reflectance (Ro), and total organic carbon (TOC) summary data Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.14509/30556 Fees: Free download Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201105 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Person: Simone Montayne Contact_Position: Metadata Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Use_Constraints: If the user has modified the data in any way they are obligated to describe the types of modifications they have performed in the supporting metadata file. User specifically agrees not to imply that changes they made were approved by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources or Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: https://dggs.alaska.gov/metadata/dggs.ext Profile_Name: dggs metadata extensions